A Study On The Effects Of Grain Productive Subsidy Policy In China

Ensuring national food security and increasing the income of farmers is always the dual task of faced by the agricultural development in our country. Especially in recent years, the situation of grain production is more and more complex. For instance, the differences between domestic and international food prices, the rising production cost,facing the cost “floor” and price “ceiling”, and the subsidies will be close to the "yellow line", as the important policy tool to ensure our country agriculture, whether could achieve the expected policy of improve grain production and increase farmers’ income becomes more important. Therefore, this main research purpose is to verify whether achieve the expected policy effect through the analyzing the effect of China’s grain production subsidies, and provide scientific theory basis for improving the further food subsidies policy.First, this paper defines the concepts related to China’s grain subsidies and research scope, and analyzes the grain productive mechanism of subsidy policy,combed the evolution of grain subsidy policy in China since reform and opening up, and described the subsidies policy implement status of high-quality seed subsidy and farm machinery purchase subsidy policy. Second, based on field research, analysis the grain productive subsidies policy effects, selected Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hubei provinces as the investigation sites, received 297 valid questionnaires by random sampling survey in three cities and 30 administrative villages in 6 townships. According to the data obtained by investigation, statistical analyses on the effects of China’s grain productive subsidy policy are made. What’s more, selected the farmers’ willingness to grain as indicator, used the model of multiple ordered logistic to empirical analyses, do the statistical analysis on the effect of farmers’ income, and selected the typical agricultural machinery professional cooperation as case studies in Shandong, Heilongjiang, Hubei provinces.The high-quality seed subsidy has no significant effect on promoting food production and increasing farmers’ income. farmers’ grain growing willingness, the main factors are made up of “age of household head”, “grain price” and “total cultivated area”, and the main reason is the small proportion of seed cost in cost of grain production; Seed subsidies accounted for only 0.24% of total household income, accounting for 0.97% of grain income, mainly because the cost of seed cost accounts for a smaller proportion of food production; Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy increase the ownership of agricultural machinery, the number of agricultural machinery increase 2 times, the grain yield increased by 20%, and mechanical operating costs reduced by 20%. In sum, to some extent, agricultural machinery purchase subsidy improves the grain production and farmers’ income.Based on the above research, in terms of high-quality seed subsidy, follow the principle of subsidies given whoever farm, increase subsidies directivity and precision, expand subsidies for growing superior seed varieties scale and scope, guarantee the balanced development of agriculture, strengthen subsidies for policy propaganda and interpretation, improve farmers cognition. In terms of Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy police, transform agricultural machinery subsidies from “buy” to “homework”, improve agricultural production service coverage, focus on oil major crops such as sugar machine used for the main crop, ensure grain self-sufficiency, perfect the supervision mechanism and policy legalization, guarantee the implementation of the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy effect.