Research Of Grain Direct-Subsidy Policy And Production Decision Of Large-scale Grain-production Households —Illustrated By The Case Of Heze’s 5 Counties

Grain is the foundation of national development and stability, nation’s independence and self-strengthening as well as happiness of people. In 2004, in order to support the food production which is given priority to with small business, our country fully implemented the policy of grain direct-subsidy to give farmers a certain standard of production-subsidies directly for every year, with a view to reduce the production cost of farmers and increase their income,while motivating farmers’ enthusiasm in the production of grain,and increasing the grain yield. With the social development and national progress, at present, China’s grain production has achieved great results, as of 2015, our country has been fully realized the twelfth continued increase of grain production. But in the affirmation of China’s food security situation is good, we should also notice that the current grain production in China is still facing many challenges, such as the grain direct-subsidy policy is still mainly in the form of small incentive like more than ten years ago, but scale and specialized production of grain has gradually become the inevitable trend of the development of Chinese food industry, large-scale grain-production households, family farms and other new agricultural enterprises gradually become main force and support that engaged in grain production.Therefore, grain direct-subsidy policy need strengthen policy inclination to large-scale grain-production households and other similar groups and promote its incentive effect, in order to achieve better effect of the policy.Research on the grain direct-subsidy policy in the past showed that, for incentive effect of the grain direct-subsidy policy on farmers’ production decision,scholars remained controversial: some scholars thought that, grain direct-subsidy policy produced a positive role in farmers’ production decision;but the other scholars supported that the grain direct-subsidy policy had been not act on farmers’ production decision. Maybe due to previous studies had not to target farmers for effective classification and analysis, and most researches treated the grain direct-subsidy policy as a whole to measure, but not to detailed and in-depth analysis this policy, then leading to these inconsistent findings.Therefore, this study is based on the sample of 5 districts and counties of Heze City in Shandong province.We employed 138 large-scale grain-production households that grain planting fields are more than 50 acres as our research objects, relying on the logist regression model and structural equation model, and making a detailed breakdown of direct-subsidy policy, to carry on the research of grain direct-subsidy policy and production decision of large-scale grain-production households. The results and conclusions as follows:(1) satisfaction level of large-scale grain-production households on the current grain direct-subsidy policy is not enough,only 13.01% of the large-scale grain-production households are satisfied with the grain direct-subsidy policy.The grain direct-subsidy policy has poor incentive effect for large-scale grain-production households,only 35% of the large-scale grain-production households choice to expand the area of grain planting;(2)at the 1% confidence interval, grain direct-subsidy policy’s accounting basis, grain direct-subsidy standards, supervision of grain direct-subsidy etc. all have significantly affect on the grain willingness of large-scale grain-production households;(3)through the proceeds of grain production,grain direct-subsidy policy make the mediating effects on large-scale grain-production households to make grain decision, direct-subsidies to grain intermediary of the path coefficient of grain willingness is 0.703, namely direct-subsidies to grain increased by 1 unit, the grain willingness increases 0.703 units;(4) the characteristics and the production features of large-scale grain-production households all have significant impact on implementation effect of grain direct-subsidy policy, production characteristics for direct-subsidies to grain path coefficient is 0.94;(5) in the grain direct-subsidy policy improvement and perfection, the expectations of large-scale grain-production households most focus on the improvement of accounting basis and subsidy standards increase,50% of the large-scale grain-production households expected accounting basis in grain direct-subsidy policy would be improved, 36.2% of the large-scale grain-production households expected grain direct-subsidy standards can be improved.Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of this study, for the current grain subsidy policy,we also present some targeted suggestions:(1) explicit subsidies basis for protecting the interests of actual grain-producers;(2) the implementation of differentiated form of subsidies to increase the incentive efficiency of grain direct-subsidy;(3) improving the subsidy standards and reducing transferable subsidies;(4) strengthening communication of the government and large-scale grain-production households and perfecting supervision mechanism;(5) accelerating the legalization of grain direct-subsidy policy.