The Feasibility And Operation Analysis Of Zero Energy Buildings In Chinese Cold Areas

The problem of energy is an important problem concerned by all countries in the world. And the building energy consumption occupies 27.45% of the total energy consumption in the society, so we should attach great importance to this part of the energy consumption. The utilization of renewable energy and the energy efficiency play an important way to reduce building energy consumption. As the integration of these two energy conservation measure, zero energy building arises at the historic moment. Relative to the vigorous development of zero energy consumption buildings abroad, the zero energy consumption buildings in our country is only in the initial state, especially in the aspect of theory and practice. So the zero energy buildings in our country still have great development potential.Firstly this paper introduces the zero energy building theory and the implementation of the necessary conditions. In the zero energy building theory, through the energy equation of the zero energy building, this text sums up the zero energy building energy balance relationship. And through the discussion of the relationship, this text summarizes the calculation the influence factors of the zero energy building to make a necessary preparation for subsequent research.The indoor environment, the full-year net energy consumption and building energy saving rate is the necessary condition for the zero energy building.The energy saving technology which is used in a Tianjin demonstration buildings to realize own zero energy consumption is introduced in this paper. And by using the professional software eQUEST, the energy consumption of the demonstration building of all-year hourly dynamic load simulation and analysis is also made in this text. The simulation results show that annual energy consumption of the demonstration building is 241.372 MWh in an ideal condition. Compared with the design capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system, the demonstration building can realize “zero energy consumption” in theory. At the same time, compared with a reference architecture which is based on public design standards, the annual energy saving rate of the zero energy building is as high as 27.4%.Finally in this paper, the practical operation of demonstration building energy consumption at present stage is evaluated and analyzed. Under the condition of the occupancy rate of 70%, the demonstration building does not realize zero energy consumption. The main reason is the high energy consumption of the building, and the low power generation of the photovoltaic power. Compared with various energy consumption in the simulated condition, we can find that the energy consumption of the demonstration building is too high. The operation strategy of the lighting and equipment of the demonstration building is not in strict accordance with the design operation strategy. The operation efficiency of the Ground source heat pump is too low and the energy consumption of circulating water pump is too high. The indoor temperature is set too low artificially. However the demonstration building can achieve the design goal by optimizing it own operation measures. While because of the existence of some objective conditions, the power goal of the photovoltaic panels power generation system is hard to achieve.