The Study Of Parking Space Planning Method Based On Drivers' Behavior Characteristics

In recent years,the improper operation in the process of stopping or reversing and parking accident happened frequently,although these have larger relationship with drivers' technology and experience,narrow parking space and limited scope of drivers also led to the parking difficulties.To study the difference of drivers' parking behavior under different parking layout and the influence factors,to alleviate drivers' psychological pressure in the process of parking,reduce unnecessary parking operation error and improve the efficiency of parking,the thesis carried a research on parking space planning based on drivers' parking behavior characteristics.Mainly through the questionnaire survey,real vehicle parking experiment method and relevant regression method,the following work has been carried out:(1)Drivers' parking behavior characteristics analysisThe drivers' parking behavior psychology and reaction is surveyed by the parking behavior questionnaire survey,the gender difference is analyzed and drivers' parking behavior characteristics are summarized.On this basis,30 drivers' physiological data,eye movement characteristics and parking trajectory data are collected through the real vehicle experiment under different parking layout and different parking modes.Meanwhile,drivers' parking behavior differences under different parking layout and effects of parking reference on parking behavior are compared in detail.Data analysis results show drivers' basic information has less effect on their parking behavior.Otherwise,in the parallel parking,the length of parking space has significantly effect on drivers' heart rate variability,fixation time,parking speed and the number of trajectory adjustments,while the width of parking passage has significantly effects on the fixation time and parking speed.In the vertical parking,the width of parking space has significantly influence on drivers' heart rate variability,fixation time,parking speed and the number of trajectory adjustments,as well the width of vertical parking passage.With regard to the inclined parking,the width of vertical parking passage significantly affects drivers' fixation time,parking speed and the number of trajectory adjustments.And compared with 60 degree parking space,drivers have higher parking speed and shorter fixation time in 45 degree parking space.Additionally,drivers' parking difficulty can be reduced,their tension can be relieved and also the efficiency of parking can be significantly improved with the parking reference present.(2)Parking space size planningOn the basis of results of drivers' parking behavior characteristics and differences analysis,the ROC curve is established with parking behavior parameters and the size of parking space.Furthermore,the critical threshold of the parking space size and the width of the parking passage are screened out.Finally,compared with the existing parking lot design,the advices of parking space planning are presented.In the ROC model,the parameters of parking space which significantly impact on drivers' parking behavior are screened out.According to the final comparison results,in the parallel parking,parking space length is advised to plan for 6.125 m and the parking passage width is advised to plan for 3.4m.In the vertical parking,parking space width is advised to plan for 2.425 m and the parking passage width is advised to plan for 5.375 m.As to the inclined parking,the parking passage width is advised to plan for 4.125 m.Certainly,the 45 degree parking space is more reasonable compared to the 60 degree parking space.