Research On Tower Solar Energy Tracking Control System

Due to the large-scale use of fossil fuels,the ecological environment in which people themselves live has suffered serious pollution and damage.Therefore,people are paying more and more attention to the development and utilization of new energy.From the perspective of low carbon,environmental protection,and green,solar energy has an indisputable advantage.Countries around the world are taking the development and utilization of solar energy as an important development direction.How to increase the utilization of solar energy in the process of solar power generation,which is one of the major research problems.Because the tracking accuracy of the single-axis tracking structure is not high,the problem of error accumulation is not good ideal for collecting solar energy.Therefore,the adoption of a dual-axis tracking structure has a high degree of automation and can maximize the use of solar radiation.Based on the light control and program-controlled dual-axis tracking structure,the solar tracking system can keep the sun’s rays vertically illuminated by the solar receiver in real time,which can greatly improve the solar energy utilization rate.The theoretical analysis using a two-axis tracking system can improve the energy reception rate by 37.7%,that compared to the non-tracking system.The tracking effect of solar energy seriously affects the utilization of solar energy.Therefore,based on the existing solar power stations,the tracking devices of the solar power stations generally adopt open-loop control methods,single-axis solar energy automatic tracking devices,and step-by-step solar energy automatic heel devices,which have the disadvantages of low tracking accuracy,high cost,and large accumulated error.The dissertation presents a high-precision solar tracking control device and introduces its hardware sensor design,working principle and control strategy.The tracking device is based on a conventional dual-axis tracking structure in which the photoelectric sun tracking mode and the sight-day trajectory tracking mode are combined with each other,and the two control modes coexist.According to the environmental conditions,in sunny weather and when the solar irradiance is strong,the photoelectric sensor tracking mode is adopted;when the rainy weather and the solar rays are weak,the solar trajectory tracking mode is automatically switched.The two control modes cooperate to make up for the deficiency.However,it is important that the design of the existing photoelectric solar tracker is carried out in a reasonable structural design.The large mouth end of the receiver body of the tapered barrel body faces the sun,which can prevent the edge of the barrel body from causing shadows on the photocell and affect it.Output;Corresponding to the top of the crisscross shading plate with crossed baffles,such cross shading plate increases the area difference corresponding to the photocell in sunlight oblique illumination,and effectively increases the output of the photocell.Therefore,the accumulated error caused by the system itself is reduced in function,the sensitivity of the signal received by the tracker is improved,and the system control accuracy is improved.This improves the tracking accuracy of the system and enables automatic tracking throughout the day,effectively increasing solar energy utilization.For the scheme proposed in this dissertation,the system structure and the hardware and software design,the main PLC controller of the system is selected as Omron(CJ2H-CPU64-EIP);the sub PLC is selected as Omron(CP1L-60D);the adjustment of sub PLC connection Azimuth 24 V DC motors and worm gears with a transmission ratio of 1:35000 and a 24 V DC motor with a regulation height angle ratio of 1:35000 worm gears;LED displays;photoelectric tracking receivers and sun-trajectory tracking modules,and According to design requirements,connect and debug each part.Then analyze its working principle and demonstrate the results through experiments.According to the dissertation,a hybrid high-precision solar tracking system which based on program control and light control is proposed.And through experiments to demonstrate this program,the main content is to improve the photoelectric sensor which improved its stability and incident light deviation sensitivity,in which the maximum deviation of incident light is 0.105 mm.The experimental results show that the tracking device vertically illuminates the receiver through the sun rays,thereby effectively improving the tracking accuracy of the system and enabling automatic tracking throughout the day.Through the error analysis method,the measured data and the theoretical data are calculated and the absolute tracking error is within ±0.1°,which is more accurate than the existing tracking control device.It shows that the tracking control device meets the requirements of stability and reliability,high precision,and strong anti-interference ability.