The Rural Settlement Form Evolution And Optimization In The Region Of Loess Hilly And Gully In Northern Area Of Shaanxi

New China is on his way to urban-rural integration,the govenment and the whole society are commitment to break dual-economic structure system,so that dual-economy and society can have a comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development.So,many academic studies turn their focus from city to rural areas.The economy,society,cultural and spatial structure of the rural areas is faceing a Significant changes.The current problems associated with high-speed urbanization are the slow improvement of rural public service facilities,serious waste of land and ecological damage and these problems need to be solved urgently.Farmers,especially those who actually engage in agricultural produce,are aging seriously.Agricultural production relatively lags behind non-agricultural industries.This research take the loess hilly and gully region of northern Shaanxi as study background,time frame range from 1949 to 2016,after the founding of PRC,to explore the characteristics of rural settlement and its evolution.The study of rural settlements can enrich the theory of rural settlement geography,rural geography,rural rule and methods and guide a reasonable and steady construction of beautiful rural,have a certain theoretical and practical significance.Through investigation,soil erosion in the loess hilly and gully region of northern Shaanxi is serious,the ecology is fragile and the rural settlements are lagging behind.Based on the research of social factors such as topography,climate,environment and the economic factors such as economy,culture,religion and interpersonal communication cognition,analyze the influencing factors of settlement form.Through the depth analysis of the dynamic mechanism of rural settlement evolution,Try to put forward a space sequence at the current level of social developmentfrom the planning point of view of the status quo settlement and social development level to make judgments,which should match the production,life and ecological logic of the spatial sequence for the region,which can provide reference for the construction of rural settlements in the context of urban and rural areas.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:[1]The influence of rural settlements in the loess hilly and gully region of northern Shaanxi can be divided into external space settlement,in other words,external contact.internal space settlement facilities,settlement style,residential area.[2]The factors affecting the evolution of the settlement are natural ecological factors,inclueding water,topography and climate,economic development factors including industrial development,traffic conditions,social and cultural factors,including customs and culture,clan relationship,feng shui concept,public service facilities,policy system Factors,including beautiful rural policy,returning farmland to forest system,household registration system,land transfer policy.[3]The development direction of rural settlements is moderate scale of communitization,the convenience of external relations,the homogeneity of infrastructure and public service facilities.[4]The evolution mechanism of rural settlements is coordinated development of rural life,production and ecological,and one of them,if developed will inevitably have a significant impact on the others,and gradually form a new coordination situation.From current perspective,the main development trend are the urbanization of rural life,the commercialization of production and ecological stability.[5]Combine the theory and practice,the ideal shape of rural settlements in loess hilly and gally region of northern Shaanxi is as follows:dendritic,small group and strip.