Research Of Space Design Strategy For Promoting Children's Activities On Urban's Primary School Campus

With the rapid development of economy,education is gaining more and more attention.Primary education plays an important role in basic education.Whether children can get enough exercise or not will affect their all-round development of physiology,mentality and comprehensive abilities.But now the physical condition of children is generally poor,especially for children in urban primary schools.It is caused by two reasons.On the one hand,there is cognitive bias that parents and educators generally care more about children's culture education while they care less about children's demand for activities.On the other hand,many primary schools cannot meet children's exercise needs,which is caused by two factors.First,crowed cities can not provide enough lands for primary schools,so activity spaces for children are very limited,especially for students upstairs;second,improper activity space design doesn't adapt to children's behavioral characteristics,resulting in space is not attractive to children.Therefore,it's essential to study how to create ample activity space for primary schools which have land shortage,and it's also crucial to design a campus space scheme which can adapt to the children's behavior pattern and promote the children's activities.Firstly,this paper reviews the development process of primary school education and campus activity space both at home and abroad,and analyzes the relationship between the evolution of campus activity space and the development of educational philosophy from the historical evolution.Secondly,from a theoretical point of view,it explores the relationship between children's behavior and space.On the one hand,from the behavioral characteristics of children,the process of children's activities can be divided into four stages:choosing space,entering space,staying and watching,participating in activities.This paper studies the general behavior patterns of children at the four stages and the demands of these patterns for activity spaces.It also studies the differences in children 's needs and the demands of the differences for activity spaces.On the other hand,from spatial attribute,the paper explores the influence of different spatial features on children's behavior.Thirdly,four primary schools are selected for questionnaire and field investigation.According to the statistical results of questionnaire,children's choices and demands for activity site can be concluded.With the observation of field investigation,this paper objectively describes campus activity space and children's activity behaviors.On this basis,the paper then analyzes the correlation between the observed spatial attributes and the activities,and explains the relationship between the two.Finally,according to the theoretical analysis,questionnaire and field research,and then combined with case analysis,the paper summarizes the design principles of children's activity space,including accessibility,function,difference,diversity,public connection,privacy and territoriality,the paper also summarizes design methods for activity space,including corridor space,courtyard space,square space,sports space,roof space and the ground open floor space.On the basis of this,the Project of Nanjing Hexi primary school NO.4 is used as a case to show the application of the design principles and methods summarized in this paper.