The Human Factors Analysis And Construction Of Pilots Competency Model Of UPRT Based On CREAM Model

According to the results of the accident investigation,Loss of Control In-Flight(LOC-I)was the primary factor that caused fatal flight accidents.The upset of the aircraft due to subjective and objective factors is an important reason of LOC-I accidents.In the existing research,domestic and foreign scholars pay more attention to the technical and environmental factors that induce upsets,and there are few relative researches about human factors and organizational factors in upset(UPRT).The formation of UPRT is influenced by the specific “Human-Machine-Environment-Organization” factors.Human factors and organizational factors could not be ignored during the formation of UPRT.Therefore,it is important to study the human factors in UPRT and pilots' competency characteristics.It could prevent and recover airplane upset.It is of great significance to avoid airplane entering upset or LOC-I accidents.This paper relies on the Safety Capability Fund Project of the Civil Aviation Administration of China: The Construction of Airplane Upset Prevention and Recovery Training System(Project Number: AS2016-11).As the same time,this paper gets funding from the Safety Capability Fund Project: The Risk Management System of Civil Aviation Student Pilot's Psychological Health /Disease Based on Hadoop.It mainly consists of three parts:(1)The retrospective analysis method of the cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)model was used to retrospectively analyze human errors caused by UPRT,and the theoretical process of UPRT human errors retrospective analysis was constructed.The categories of the antecedents of UPRT human errors were divided into five categories: environment-related genotypes(E),human-related genotypes(H),information-related genotypes(I),organization-related genotypes(O),and technology-related genotypes(T).(2)Based on the UPRT human errors antecedent classification table,66 official cases of UPRT human errors were classified and categorized during the period 2007-2017.The weight of the antecedent categories and the specific antecedents were respectively calculated by using the combined weight determination method basing on the grey relational analysis method and principal component analysis method,and then the main factors leading to UPRT human errors were identified.Therefore,the analytical results show that the influence degree of the antecedent category is human-related genotypes(H),organization-related genotypes(O),technology-related genotypes(T),environment-related genotypes(E)and information-related genotypes(I).(3)According to the identified main factors causing UPRT human errors,this paper combined with the threat and error management(TEM)model to carry out pilots' ability needs analysis.Let the pilots be able to prevent,identify,and recover airplane upset.And then extracted the UPRT pilot competency characteristics indexes.Finally,this paper completed the construction and validation of UPRT pilot competency model.This paper constructed the UPRT pilot competency model includes 6 knowledge competences,8 skill competences,5 cognitive competences and 6 comprehensive competences.The UPRT pilot competencies model constructed in this dissertation including 6 knowledge competences,8 skill competences,5 cognitive competences and 6 comprehensive competences.The UPRT human factors retrospective analysis based on the CREAM model can be applied to the investigation and analysis of LOC-I accidents to explore the underlying causes of the accidents.What's more,the establishment of the competency model can lay the foundation for development of UPRT training based on competency characteristics and evaluation of pilots' ability to prevent,identify,and recover upset.Similarly,it also provide a theoretical basis for them.