| In this study,Avian chicken and Yellow bantam were selected as research object. Productive performance, carcass traits, body size traits and skeletontraits were measured after chicken was slaughtered. The difference of these traits was analyzed between different breeds and sex, hoping to provide evidence for further breeding and selection. Meanwhile, we detected the polymorphisms of BMP6 gene by direct sequencing, and analysed the association between SNPs and carcass traits, aiming to validate markers for MAS (marker assistant selection). The results are as follows:1. After analysing the mean body weight of two lines, we found that the mean body weight of Avian chicken was 3.01kg, while the mean body weight of Yellow bantam was 1.62kg, the mean body weight of male chicken was 300g and 700g higher than female chicken in Avian and Yellow bantam, respectively.2. The carcass traits of the two lines were of significant difference. Multiple traits including body weight, yield of carcass, semi-evisceration weight percentage, evisceration weight percentage, leg muscle percentage and breast muscle percentage of Avian was significantly higher than those of Yellow bantam (P<0.01). And some traits including abdominal fat percentage, liver weight percentage, proventriculus weight percentage and gizzard weight percentage was significantly higher in Yellow bantam line (P<0.01). Within line, sex was an importan(?) the carcass traits. Male chicken presented significantly higher body weight, carcass weight, semi-eviscera(?)visceration weight, leg muscle weight, heart weight, liver weight and leg muscle percentage. But abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat weight percentage was significantly higher among female chicken. No significant differences of liver weight percentage and gizzard weight percentage were found between male and female in both lines.3. All traits reflecting the bone qualities were found significantly higher among Avian(P<0.01). There were significant differences between multiple traits and sexes within line. In avian line, femoral weight (FW), shank bone weight (SW), metatarsal weight (MW), femoral diameter (FD), shank bone diameter (SD) and metatarsal diameter (MD) were significantly higher among male chickens. In Yellow bantam line, all traits reflecting bone qualities measured were significantly higher among male chickens.4. PH value and color of breast muscle and leg muscle were also measured. PH value of both breast muscle and leg muscle are significantly higher among Avian line. And difference between sexes was not found, a*, b*, L* value of breast muscle and a* value of leg muscle were significantly higher among Yellow bantam, which indicating meat quality of Yellow bantam was better than Avian's.5. We analysed the association between bone traits and carcass traits. We found the association was significant in Yellow bantam line (P<0.01) rather than Avian line(P>0.05). These results indicating that bone traits can be validated as marker for selection and breeding.6. Four polymorphisms locus of BMP6 were identified, including g.64487388A>G, g.64475440C>T, g.64474334G>C, g.64463906T>C., g.64487388A>G have been reported previously, but other three SNPs were novelly identified. Association analyses revealed that SNP g.64475440C>T and g.64474334G>C had a significant (P<0.05) effect on abdominal fat of individual from both lines. g.64487388A>G and g.64474334G>C identified in Avian line have effects on chest width, femoral circumference and femoral length. g.64463906T>C have effects on shank bone length and femoral circumference in Avian line, and on femoral diameter in Yellow bantam line.In summary, in this experiment the growth traits of Avian were higher than Yellow bantam, male growth traits of two different species are higher than female, and the meat quality of Yellow bantam is better than Avian. Meanwhile, three new SNPs of BMP6 gene were identified in this study, which can be used as molecular markersfor select slaughter, bones and body size traits. |
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