Development Of Small Fertigation Machine Based On Pipeline Mixing And Tomato Cultivation Effects In Solar Greenhouse

Foreign large machine of integrated water and fertilizer have realized the automation of water and fertilizer management,which is the key to the precise management in current facility horticulture and an important measures of improving water and fertilizer efficiency,increasing yield,reducing the environmental pollution and preserving the ecological environment.But the foreign large integrated of water and fertilizer equipment is difficult for popularization and application in China.To meet the requirements of small cultivated area,environmental variation and cultivation management in the solar greenhouse in north China,a small integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system with low price,high degree of automation based on pipeline mixing for the solar greenhouse is proposed for soilless cultivation.Including equipment structure,control system,etc.,at the same time,in order to verify the stability and reliability of the irrigation machinery.An experiment is conducted to test the application performance of machine to lay a foundation of vegetable precision of irrigation management in the solar greenhouse.The main research conclusions are as follows:1.The structure of water and fertilizer irrigation machine is based on pipeline and parallel arrangement way of three fertilizer pumps.An optimal structure of fertigation machine is built by means of structure study of the three parallel branches and the mixing fertilizer device,with the water and fertilizer mixed for twice and the efficiency of mixing significantly improved while the time is reduced.2.On the basis of cultivation and agricultural information technology,two automated integrated water and fertilizer integrated system are designed,one is based on the model of the relationship between two kinds of mother solutions/acid and the EC/pH values;the other is based on proportional electromagnetic.The results of model validation show that,compared with the measured values,the mean and maximum relative errors of EC values calculate by the model are 2%and the pH values 3%.The results above indicate that the structure of the fertigation is rational to control the nutrient solution accurately and the model is feasible.The latter model changed the volume of fertilizer and regulated EC/pH values of nutrient solution by regulating the 31 gears of three proportional electromagnetic on the branch.Based on experiments,the automatic control system of the integrated water and fertilizer irrigation machine have four gears:seeding stage13-13-13;flowering stage18-18-18;fruiting stage24-24-24;harvest stage30-30-30.then,the integrated water and fertilizer irrigation system based on irrigation model(previous research results)is designed.Operating by means of man-machine interface combine the real-time detection of senors made the system intelligentized and accurate and able to provide the reference value of vegetable standard cultivation management in the solar greenhouse.3.Compared with the conventional irrigation,The experiment of the tomato cultivation with substrate growth-bag in solar greenhouse have a great effect.The integrated water and fertilizer irrigation technology could not only achieve saving water,improving output of tomato 43%,It have great significance in saving the labor and improving the work efficiency.