| The study of Tulips was divided into two parts of variety comparison and cultivation technology research.The whole experiment was included two steps.The first step involved investigation of the growth status of the eight Tulip varieties in Guangzhou in different conditions of shading and cultivation medium from January 2016 to March 2016.The second step of the test in December 2016 to February 2017.According to the results from the first step,field test of twelve tulip varieties and study of cultivation technology were carried out in order to get the suitable tulip culture technicals and suitable varieties.The results were followed below.(1)Shading 70%,shading 40%,no shading treatment,50% of the peat as well as sand mixed with the soil surface of 20 cm and no amendment treatment,the above methods were used to conduct cultivated experiment on the eight kinds of tulip,which were 'Denmark',' Ile de Franc',' Dow Jones','Gander's Rhapsody',' Leen van der Mark',' Kung Fu',' Strong Gold','Ad Rem',and the results showed that: shading 70% and adding 50% peat in soil,shading 40% and adding 50% sand in soil were conducive to the growth and cultivation of tulips,and,the height,dry weight,flowering rate were better than other treatment.At the same time,the results also showed that 'Leen van der Mark',' Denmark','Strong Gold' and 'Gander's Rhapsody' were of good performance,which wre worth to be generalized in Guangzhou Province.(2)Peat and coconut chaff were used as a cultivated substrate to carry out a pot experiment of ‘Denmark'.The results showed that under the same water and fertilizer management conditions,different substrates significantly affected the growth and cultivation of potted tulip plants.Serious stump broken happened in the condition of coconut chaff substrate cultivation,and the fertilization frequency and the treatment of lodging quantity was inversely proportional,while the peat cultivation of tulips had not this problem.The blooming rate were vary from different cultivated tulips,the flowering rate of peat was significantly higher than that of coconut chaff,and the uniformity of tulip in peat was better than that of tulip in coconut substrate.The average plant height of the peat group was 52.22 cm,which was much higher than that of the coconut chaff group.The average viewing period of the peat cultivated group was 13.78 days,and the growth period was 42 days which were much higher than 4.67 days and 34 days in the coconut chaff group.The anthocyanin in the tulip of peat matrix was significantly higher than that of coconut chaff group.The performance in all aspects of tulip concluded that peat was significantly better than coconut chaff as tulip cultivation substrate.(3)The 18 kinds of fertilizers were designed to conducted a cultivation experiment of tulip ' Denmark' in peat substrate.The results showed the following conclusions: Different fertilizer treatments had evident effects on the flowering period of the tulip ' Denmark',among them,the 'Aa3b3'(fertilizing Hoagland after sprouting and budding)(17days)treatment group has the longest viewing days,followed by 'Aa3b2'(fertilizing Hoagland 14 days once)(16days)and 'Aa2b3'(fertilizing Hoagland after sprouting and budding)(16day);The highest flowering rate was 96.7% of ‘Aa3b3'.There was significant difference in the plant height increment of 9 fertilizer treatments.The Aa1b1 treatment had the highest growth rate.The growth rate from slow to fast among distinctive treatment were the following: ‘Aa1b1'>‘Aa3b1'(fertilizing Hoagland every 7 days)>‘Aa2b1'(fertilizing Hoagland every 7 days)>‘Aa3b3'(fertilizing Hoagland after sprouting and budding)>‘Aa1b3'(fertilizing water-soluble fertilizer after sprouting and budding)>‘Aa2b2'(fertilizing Hoagland every 14 days)>‘Aa1b2(fertilizing water-soluble fertilizer every 14 days)'>‘Aa2b3'(fertilizing Hoagland after sprouting and budding)>‘Aa3b2'(fertilizing Hoagland every 14 days).Distinct fertilizer effected obviously on tulip plant height,stem length,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,leaf aspect ratio,flower bud length,bud diameter and flower diameter(crown width).Different fertilization had a certain effect on the EC value of the matrix,making it varied between 0.11 and 0.27.Different fertilization management only had little effect on chlorophyll content.The comparison of tulip varietieswere conducted on the basis of the first step test,designing 70% of the shade and using peat in soil improvement method which is employing peat and soil as one to one for cultivation.Through the observation of growth index,flowering rate,flowering period,ornamental period,chlorophyll content and growth traits and the analysis of characteristics,the author concluded that the ornamental value of 'Estate','Negrita','Marie Jo','Gander's Rhapsody','Leen van der Mark',' Denmark','Strong Gold ' were better than others,which were worth to be popularize in Guangzhou Province. |
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