| It is not difficult to find that Theses on Feuerbach occupies a very important position in the development of Marx's thought and theory. Marx emphasized the concept of practice and criticized the sensuous intuition of Feuerbach's materialism in Theses on Feuerbach. The sixth is related to human-oriented problems which are great contentions in scholars' discussion and research for the depth of content and the scope of problem. "Feuerbach takes the essence of religion as the essence of human. However, the human essence is not abstraction inherent in each single individual. In its reality, it is the ensemble of social relations. Feuerbach does not criticize the essence of this reality, so he has to:(1) put aside course of history, separately observe religious feelings, and assume an abstract and isolated individual.(2) So he only takes the essence of human as “species " and understand it as an intrinsic and silent commonality which naturally connects many people." Here many scholars believe that Marx gave a precise definition of "the essence of human", namely, the ensemble of social relations.This paper will point to Theses article sixth. In the beginning, it proposes that the sixth is not the definition of Marx about the essence of human. Then there are three parts to analyze and explain my points. Firstly, through the study of the theory of Feuerbach, it proves Feuerbach's humanism theory which embodies the importance of people's initiative and social relationships of human essence. Secondly, according to the systematic review of before and after Theses, it establishes the order of expression in the sixth and gets what Marx wants to express in the sixth. Thirdly, having a deeply study of Marx's humanism theory, it proves that Marx is actually based on social relations and the status of criticism to achieve the ideal level of human essence. |
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