A Study On The Philippines Economic Nationalization Movement Since Independence(1946-1976)

After being independent,the Philippines started establishing nation-state including seeking economic independence and the Philippine government's controlling over her economic artery.The Philippines' economic nationalization bore the imprints of anti-communist and anti-Chinese because of the Cold War in Asia.In the late 1940s,the international atmosphere of Cold War made the Philippines be in fear of communism.Overseas Chinese in the Philippines were regarded by the authorities as an unstable factor then.Driven by the dread of 'overseas Chinese control the Philippines'business economy which was a fallacy,the Philippine Nationalists strongly advocated the policies of economic nationalization,a series of economic policies of Filipinization followed.Among these policies,Public Stall Holder Act,Retail Trade Nationalization Act and the Rice and Corn Industry Nationalization Act were most influential.Overseas Chinese took the largest proportion of all aliens in the Philippines and most of them lived by trade,thus they were the most deeply influenced by the Philippines Economic Nationalization Movement aiming at pressing the aliens'business and improving the natives'economic status.In order to strive for development,some overseas Chinese with abundant capital began to turn to the manufacturing industry in the Philippines.The Philippine government did not Philippinize manufacturing industry with an intention of building and perfecting her industrial structure.Therefore the economic nationalization in the Philippines also contributed to adjustment of her social economic structure in a certain extent.Affected by historic and realistic factors,the Philippines' economic nationalization polities did not involve the American nationals which possess a lot of assets in Philippines,thus they were unable to realize the goal of national economy completely independent.Besides,the aliens' naturalization was strictly restricted in Philippines during the Philippines Economic Nationalization Movement and this was a unique,too.The thesis is divided into three parts.The first part is the preface,which mainly includes the reasons why this topic was selected,the research findings at home and abroad,the theoretical basis,sources of historical data,skills for dissertation,bring forth new ideas,deficiencies and the definition of related concepts.The second part is the text,which consists of five chapters.The first chapter introduces the reasons of the Philippines' economic nationalization since its independence,including historical factors,cultural factors,government factors,extreme nationalism and the international background of the Cold War and so on.The other three chapters introduce respectively the relevant information of the Philippines' economic nationalization in the early period,the booming period and the gradually-weak-to-end period,including the putting forward of the relevant Filippinization policies proposal,analyzing the far-reaching Filippinization policies in different periods in detail and outlining the thorough historical process of the Philippines'economic nationalization.The fifth chapter analyses the influence of the Philippines' economic nationalization,including the impact on the overseas Chinese economy,the Philippines'economic structure and social integration in the Philippines.The third part is the conclusion,evaluating the Philippines' economic nationalization from the perspectives of overseas Chinese in the Philippines and the Philippine government.