A Study On National Education From Moral Cultivation Textbooks In The Late Qing Dynasty And Early Republic Of China

In the late Qing Dynasty, the reform of the new policy made the education way out of the traditional family education, private school education and college education mode,to the modern school education. The traditional reading material is no longer suitable for the new school, and the modern textbook is the main carrier of the school education. The contents of the textbook have showed the government's education policy,folk Press Policy and intellectuals (editors) between the game, textbook content and presentation reflects the different connotation of national education in different historical stages.In the course of the late Qing Dynasty from 1902 to the Republic of China in 1922,the development of the self-cultivation textbooks, which fit with the background of the national education, showed the significance of the unique national molding. The textbook of moral education in the construction of its content knowledge, transfer of national independence, national sports health concept and social concept, the establishment and perfection of the national personality, reflecting the "Modernity" of the theme.In shaping the individual self-cultivation textbooks on the show from the group of fuzzy independence concept to the development path of independent concept of individual distinctive, the cultivation of independent consciousness has become the primary model of the national literacy. In the shape of sports and health concept, showing from the national personal hygiene and health groups to realize the national public health and physical concept of country development path. On the shaping of the concept of the state, we should deepen the understanding of the country and the political ideas of rights and obligations. In the shaping of social ideas, by focusing on the transition to focus on private morality is inevitable.However, in the course of development, it is also faced with some difficulties. The content of the combination of Chinese and Western culture show the conflict between traditional and modern knowledge system and knowledge system, the lack of practice shows the paradox between knowledge and practice. Generally speaking, the shape of the national ethics textbooks are gentle way, inspired by the national consciousness, to teach the national basic knowledge of life, national and state closely together, undertake training of new national responsibility in the late Qing Dynasty period.