Global Comparative Analysis And The World Heritage Values Of Ziyun Getuhe Miao Cultural Landscape

The world heritage is the precious heritage of outstanding universal value both in nature and culture,and it is the precious wealth for human beings.The cultural landscape heritage was proposed at the United Nations World Heritage conference in 1992.As a new type of heritage,it emphasizes the interaction between man and nature.Due to the differences in the understanding and the research's degree of the heritage,the distribution of the cultural landscape heritage in the world is uneven,the cultural landscape heritage is mainly concentrated in Europe.Based on the sustainable development of local architecture,technology and agricultural sites in Asia,it can be a good interpretation of the evolution of cultural landscape heritage landscape,with a very prominent universal value.As a heritage powers of our country,China has only 5 cultural landscape heritages which is not commensurate with our long history and rich national culture.Therefore,the study of cultural landscape heritage is imminent.This paper choice Chinese natural and cultural heritage of "Huangguoshu Waterfalls and Tunpu landscape" as the study area,and the Getuhe Miao cultural landscape "as the research object,through the basic research in the Miao cultural landscape,using the method of literature searching,expert consultation,field investigation to research the Getuhe landscape,looking for the heritage's characteristics of it.Visiting the world heritage site to selects the heritage sites and tentative heritage with similar characteristics,as well as the non-heritage sites to conduct a global comparative analysis.By combining the current situation of the protection to research it's heritage value.(1)Creatively combined the concept of cultural landscape with Miao culture and made classification in Miao cultural landscape.Taking the cultural landscapes of the Getuhe area in Ziyun as an example to discuss the World Heritage's value,and find the features of the Getuhe Miao cutual landscpe.The local Miao people's life is integrally recorded in the Getuhe area,including language,traditional costumes,traditional customs,architecture and other elements.It's Miao cultural landscape that integrally preserved.On the aspect of life and production,mixed farming,cave village,free climbing,cliff coffins and cave buried are closely related to the natural environment of Karst.It's typical Karst cultural landscape.According to the location of traditional villages and funeral culture combined with the local popular song of Yaluwang and migration and horse chopping horse customs,Getuhe Miao culture landscape is also the migration of cultural landscape.(2)By comparing with other World Heritages,nominated places and other places that have the features of mountainous rural cultural landscape,Karst landscape and migratory cultural landscape,the Getuhe cultural landscape has uniqueness in cultural background and landscape's feature.Grtuhe Miao cultural landscape shows the uninterrupted life scene of Miao people in the mountains of Karst.Different from other mountainous rural landscape,the material culture and intangible cultural characteristics of Getuhe have strong cultural characteristics of Miao.In the use of natural environment in Karst,the layout of the village,the housing construction,the use of land resources and the management of water resources are different from those in other areas.Especially in the use of the Karst cave,it is unique with high ecological value,social value and cultural value.(3)Getuhe Miao cultural landscape is an outstanding example of human land use in Karst mountainous area,meets the World Heritage criteria(V),with distinct characteristics of the Miao culture in the landscape elements,meets the world heritage standards(III),with outstanding universal value.According to the features of Getuhe cultural landscape and the conclusions of global comparative analysis,combining the value criteria with the Operational Guidelines for the implement of the World Heritage Convention from the World Heritage Centre,it is concluded that the Getuhe Miao cultural landscape meets the World Heritage criteria(iii)and(v).Getuhe Miao cultural landscape include various types of villages and building styles,making full use of the terrain and landscape features in Karst mountainous area.On the use of the water resources,widely built wells,ditch and cave drip to solve the water resources shortage in Karst area.On the use of land resources,through the use of cave to build village,put coffins to save the land resources,and through the climb cliff to caves for searching animal manures to enhance soil fertility,overcome the living environment of poor soil in Karst area,to make them survive and sustainable development.It's a good interpretation of the World Heritage criteria(V),which can be used as traditional residence and land use,represents a unique culture.While the burials,cave burials,spider man free climbing and cave dwelling culture in local are also the unique cultural tradition,and provides a powerful witness.Therefore,it is also meets the World Heritage criteria(iii).(4)The authenticity and integrity of the Getuhe Miao cultural landscape is high,and has a long history of protection.According to the current threatens of developed problems,travel pressure and loss of traditional culture,put forward suggestions on natural environment and traditional culture protection and economic development.The protected history of Getuhe area has more than 30 years,and roughly uniform with Getuhe Chuandong National Park,the protection of property with the national level.By the strict protection of the relevant laws and regulations of the country,the landscape elements are well preserved,with high integrity and authenticity.Affected by the economic development,the traditional villages and traditional culture in the area are subject to certain damage,and tourism activities also bring some pressure to the local ecological environment.Therefore,in the future the ecological environment of Getuhe area should be well protected,increase the residents incomes and pay attention to the protection of the the unique cliff coffins,cave burial,rock climbing and other traditional cultures.