Layout Mechanism And Policy Suggestions Of Pension Institutions In Jinan

The ageing of population is rapidly accelerating in Jinan and the pension task is getting heavier. Up to 2014 around 17.36% of the population is older than 60 years and around 11.29% of the population is older than 65 years. Moreover, as the family size shrinking, cares that children can provide for their parents are less than before. The requirement of social pension is getting stronger. In recent years,pension institutions of Jinan develop rapidly. But the layout comes out of nowhere for the lack of special planning. There is urgent need to strengthen research of layout and related policy of pension institutions.Combined with population aging theory, industrial distribution theory and urban planning theory, this paper analyzes the time and space characteristics of Jinan'population aging, pension institutions spatial layout and layout mechanism on the basis of existing research. This paper also makes a reasonable assessment of pension institutions spatial layout, and then put forward suggestions for improving policy of pension institutions spatial layout and location optimization.First of all, this paper analyzes the time and space characteristics of Jinan'population aging and development features of pension institutions spatial, then concludes that the ageing of population is rapidly accelerating in Jinan, the ageing population is also ageing and the burden of pension is growing. All of 10 subdivisions of Jinan have entered the aging stage, but have different ageing degree. Pension institutions include apartments for the elderly and old folks' home which have significantly different in quantity, scale, the way they operate and spatial distribution characteristic. According to their development characteristic, this paper put the development process of pension institutions into 3 stages: the beginning, the quick development and the stable, then analyzes the space distribution features of 3 stages.When analyzing layout mechanism of Jinan'pension institutions, this paper adopt the method of questionnaire survey, field survey and material analysis, and start with consumers, endowment agencies suppliers, and the government, then concludes that aging population and income level are main factors. Pension institutions concentrate in the area which has a high aging population density.The income level has greater impact on apartments for the elderly. The higher the income, the higher the bed utilization. Transportation and medical facilities are basic factors. Pension institutions tend to locate in the area which has convenient traffic and medical conditions. Houses and construction land are limiting factors.Generally, pension institutions will not locate in the area where housing and land prices are high. Land shortage limits the further development of pension institutions. The government plans and policies play a regulatory role to layout.This paper evaluates the layout of Jinan'pension institutions. This paper evaluates the rationality of layout from two aspects: regional distribution and external environment.This paper sorts out existing government policy and plan, and puts forward suggestions for improvement combined with the real policy needs. The government should formulate and implement special plan of endowment facilities as soon as possible, design different development strategies and set up information platform on the aspect of pension agency layout policy. While on the aspect of construction land policy, the government should implement the implementation of the land for pension, strengthen links between endowment facilities planning and urban planning,land-use planning, and also needs to make full use of collective construction land.At last strengthen the construction of transportation and medical facilities.