Research On The Social Assistance For The Left-behind Children In The Countryside From The Perspective Of Social Work

During the industrialization and urbanization advancement,a lot of labors flow rural into city in large scare.But restricted by household registration systems of urban and rural areas,rural financial situation,society development level and current policies of social assistance,they cannot take their children with them.So a large number of rural left-behind children appeared.Because of long-term separation from parents,these children lack of family love and effective supervision,for a long time,these problems that less teaching in education,less help in living,familial affection lost,mental unbalance,less protecting happened to the left-behind children frequently,which has caused extensive concern.Although our country has formulated relevant policies,each government department and non-government forces have taken actions to assistant these left-behind children,as a whole,the effect is not good enough and assistance efficiency should be improved,especially in professionalization and socialization.Based on such a background,the paper opens up a new research approach,researching social assistance from social work's perspective.Firstly,the paper analyzes the concepts of rural left-behind,social assistance and social work.Then based on the theories of social equity,social work and social assistance,social governance,it employs documentary method,case analysis and unstructured interview,taking the six parts of our country: Sheyang county,Yancheng city in Jiangsu province,Lanzhou New Area in Gansu province,Fengkai county,Zhaoqin city in Guangdong province Naiman county,Tongliao city in Neimenggu province,Qixingguan county,Bijie city in Guizhou province and Dinghai county,Zhoushan city in Zhejiang province as the research areas.Through status analysis on the left-behind children and the social assistance for left-behind children in these sixparts.Afterwards,the paper studies these left-behind children's current situation,problems and assistance's current situation.And then it analyzes problems of social assistance from the aspects of assistance's idea,assistance's efficiency,level of expertise and assistance's means.There are four main problems.Firstly,the assistance's idea that lack of guiding by the professional value of social work falls behind with these left-behind children's real demands,subjectivity and otherness are ignored.Secondly,the lack of social work administration's entire intervening leads to assistance inefficiency,with less needs assessment before assistance,less supervision and coordination during assistance,less effectiveness evaluation after assistance.Thirdly,the lack of professional social work talents leads to low level of assistance professionalization,with low level of workers,less professional social work talents and difficulty in intervening.Fourthly,the traditional assistance does not adapt to real demand of these left-behind children lacking professional social work means,such as being found not in time,only relying on government,paying attention to assistant them by providing material instead of service.Finally,the paper put forwards the methods about applying social work into social assistance for the left-behind children based on rethinking about the above questions.Firstly,set up professional value of social work,with people oriented,pay attention to difference and inspire their potential.Secondly,insure social work's entire intervening,more needs assessment before assistance,more supervision and coordination during assistance,and more effectiveness evaluation after assistance.Thirdly,cultivate and better professional social work talents,improve the level of workers,cultivate more professional social work talents and promote intervening of social work.Fourthly,apply professional social work means,find problems and respond in time,help them accurately,use case work,group work and community work.