Study Of Japanese Modern Disaster Management System Evolution

Since Japanese archipelago is formed,different kinds of disasters have taken place due to the unique geographical environment.The survival history of Japanese people who are confronted with severe natural environment is rather a history of fighting against the disasters.Especially,with the rapid development of social economy and the dense concentration of urban population in the modern era,the impact exerted by disasters is getting more critical for human society.As the principal part for social management,government is responsible to establish a scientific and efficient Disaster Management System in order to relief the loss of life and property.The corresponding actions against disasters happen along with historical evolution in Japan.In the ancient era with underdeveloped productivity and technology,people resorted to superstition to deal with them,but there were also the effective way conducted by government to save life and property.In the modern era,Disaster Management System is developed from different aspects including law,management agency,organization system,emergency management system,rescue management system,government and society cooperation system,education,catastrophe insurance system,international rescue cooperation and etc.According to different phases of the evolution in this era,the thesis will analyze the motivations of the differences,that is to say,economic factors play a decisive role in the evolution of disaster management system;the institutional environment has a strong control over the evolution of disaster management system;the cultural environment has a very permeable influence on the development of disaster response management;the technical factors exert an impact on the development of disaster management level.In conclusion,the thesis will try to predict the future trend of disaster management system,namely,the future system will concern more about scientific management theory,international field cooperation,social all-round rescue,and law regulation establishment.On the basis of this study on foreign issues,finally the focus comes to the discussion on Chinese issues.Through studying characteristics and regular patterns shown by the development of Japanese modern Disaster Management System,the thesis will provide some enlightenment with the development of Chinese Disaster Management System.