| Population and family are the basic component unit of a nation, and the problem of human population always is a great strategic problem relates to the survival and development of a country. Since the seventies of last century, our country began to operate family planning policy according to the reality of large population base and rapid population growth. Family planning policy was the longest time basic national policy since the founding of new China which got the most concern. It not only controlled population growth rate, but also promoted the economic development. After several years of practice, although remarkable achievement has been made, it also brought some problem like aged tendency of population, sex ratio imbalance, decrease of incoming labor force and risk of singel-child family.In this background, the Third Plenary Session of Eighteenth Central Committee made decision that implement “The 2nd-child Policy for Only-child Parents” throughout the country. It was regarded as an important milestone of our fertility policy history. After two years of implement, it did has some effects, but still far from anticipative target. Many qualified families didn't have strong fertility intention due to influences of many factors, which partly brought the “ Two-Child Policy”.Firsty, the thesis summarizes the achievements of family planning policy of China, and analyzes the social problem and nagetive effects caused by the policy. Secondly, the thesis explores the influences and problems during the implement of “The 2nd-child Policy for Only-child Parents”, and analyzes the primary reason of the disparity between reality and anticipation. In the end, using the experiences of implementation of “The 2ndchild Policy for Only-child Parents” for reference, offers feasible suggetion to implement of “Two-Child Policy”, and discusses how to promoting fertility policy and boost the development of a long-term equilibrium population. |
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