The Survey On The Status Of Health Literacy And Study Of Its Internal Path Analysis Among Primary And Secondary Students

Objective: To study the status and influencing factors of health literacy among primary and secondary school students in local city,and to discover the underlying causality.To provide references for the relevant departments,in order to strengthen their health literacy research,to further improve school health education policy,and to implement the health promotion of primary and secondary students more effectively.Methods: Randomly select one of the local areas,and then select 3 primary schools,2 middle schools,and 2 high schools in it randomly.By using stratified cluster sampling,select 5-6 grades from primary School,1-2 grades from middle school,and 1-2 grades from high school according to the grade.Select 2-3 classes in each grade of each primary school,3 classes in each grade of each middle school and high school.The entire classes were investigated,sum up to 1517 students were selected and investigated with the questionnaires of health literacy test of primary school students and high school students.The SPSS 19.0 was used to sort out and analyze data.The methods of mean,standard deviation,chi-square test,logistic regression analysis were used in this research.And the SPSS AMOS 21.0 was used to establish the structural equation models.Results:1.Only 36.7 percent of selected students own the health literacy.The rates of owning health literacy about basic health knowledge and belief,basic health skill,and basic health lifestyle and behavior were 52.4%,45.5%,28.5%.So health knowledge and the belief took the highest proportion,followed by the basic health skills,and having the basic health lifestyle and behavior held the lowest proportion in the whole health literacy.The rates of owning health knowledge and belief was 79.2%,commanding health skills was 77.3%,and shaping the health lifestyle and behavior was 79.4%.2.Different categories of students,primary school,middle school,high school students have health literacy rates were 27.0%,45.7%,42.2%,and the difference in overall health literacy and health literacy in three aspects were statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The differences between the students of different categories of students,gender,the “single children”,local residents and parents’ working location in the field in health literacy and three aspects had statistical significance(P<0.05).Then using Logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy,resulting that the overall health literacy and the basic health knowledge and belief were both affected by categories of students,gender,the “single children”,the health skills was affected by categories of students and the “single children”,the basic health lifestyle and behavior were affected by categories of students,gender and parents’ working location.4.The health literacy internal transforming model was based on the survey data,then indicating that health knowledge plays a very important role for the health belief.Health knowledge and health belief had a direct influence on the basic health lifestyle and behavior,and there was indirect impact between health knowledge and the basic health lifestyle and behavior through health belief.The health knowledge plays an important role in the foundation of the basic health lifestyle and behavior,in accordance with the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior theory.Conclusion:1.According to the results of this survey,students have a certain level of health literacy currently.Primary school students’ health literacy rate was significantly lower than middle school and high school students,but health literacy between middle school and high school students were not significant.Health literacy does have transforming internally among health knowledge,health skills,health belief,health lifestyle and behavior,in accordance with the “KAP” theory.Health knowledge could affect the health lifestyle and behavior directly,and could also affect the health lifestyles and behavior through the health belief indirectly.2.Primary school,middle school and high school students’ health literacy was mainly affected by categories of students,gender,the “single children”,local residents and parents’ working location.3.Youth health literacy has far-reaching influence on the future life,not only students themselves need to strengthen their own health literacy,schools,families and society should also pay more attention,carry out health education and health promotion collaboratively,provide students with good school,family,social atmosphere,help students improve their health literacy,to realize the goal in the plan about national action of health literacy promotion.