Study On Scientific Research And Development Of Research Universities Under The Guidance Of American Federal Science And Technology Policy After World War?

The 21 st century is the key period for China's higher education to change to modernization,science and technology and internationalization.The research university,as an important breakthrough to complete this transformation,has become the main problem facing the development of higher education in China.American research universities have made remarkable achievement since 1876.It is an important driving force that American scientific and technical innovation level and higher education development level occupy rank first.What kind of policy basis promote American research universities to become an important driving force for the development of national science and technology? This paper focuses on the four major adjustments of federal science and technology policy,analyzes the basis of American research universities scientific research development,and sums up the experience and lessons from it,combined with the specific conditions of our country,put forward some policy suggestions and opinions.The paper is divided into five parts:The first part: introduction.It is mainly about the problem of this paper,the research significance,the core concept definition and analysis,literature review,the existing research problems and the characteristics and methods of this research.The second part: This paper mainly reviews the early development of scientific research in American research universities.It is divided into three stages: a good beginning of scientific research and development of American research universities in the late 19 th century,the gradual growth of scientific research strength of American research universities in the early 20 th century,the initial prosperity of scientific research and development in American research universities during World War II.The third part and the fourth part: It is divided into two parts,mainly combing and analyzing the research development progress of the research universities under the four major adjustments of the U.S.federal science and technology policy after World War?.This part focuses on the four major adjustments of U.S.federal science and technology policy,“<Science: The Endless Frontier>: the status of research subjects in research universities,<National Defense Education Act>: the golden ageof scientific research in research universities,<The Bayh-Dole Act>:commercialization of scientific research achievements in research universities,<Renewing the Promise> and <Government and Universities>: enhancing the competitiveness of research universities”,and discusses the important role of science and technology policy in the development of research universities.The fifth part: This part summarizes the experience and lessons of the development of research university under the guidance of American federal science and technology policy,combined with the specific conditions in our country,and puts forward the policy suggestions and opinions which are beneficial to the construction of the high-level research university in our country.