The Decline And Reconstruction Of Rural Areas In The Process Of Urbanization In China

Content:With the acceleration of urbanization process in China,the dual economic structure for a long time widens the gap between urban residents and farmers in many aspects.There is a huge difference in many aspects such as medical treatment,education,social security between farmers and urban residents.What is more the low profits and unsound land circulation mechanism system makes lots of farmers poured into cities looking for development in secondary or tertiary industry.The land resources and housing land which deemed living safeguard by farmers is abandoned and idled,combined with arbitrariness of rural residential building,both of which makes the phenomenon of "hollowing out" in rural area in different extent.The continuous development of the various appearance characteristics lead to the decline of rural areas in China,and the traditional urbanization model is unsustainable.This problem is not just Chinese special case,which has became a common phenomenon in the world.If we continue to allow rural decline,it will not only affect our food security but also seriously hinder our country’s efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects,which is a problem that needs to be taken seriously in rural development in China.Therefore,solving the problem of good rural decline well has a great theoretical significance and practical significance to promoting the new urbanization and realizing urban and rural development and promoting social harmony.The reasons of rural decline differ.Under the traditional urbanization’s influence,this article does a total and deep study in the phenomenon of rural decline of our country,which is based on the theory of Marxist urban-rural relations and guided by new urbanization theory.Using the way of interdisciplinary research and literature research,this article detailedly points out the common characteristics of rural decline in China and its harms,and points out the suggestions of rural reconstruction,examining the disadvantages of the traditional urbanization development pattern in our country,linking relevant data and indicators,summarizing the connotation of rural decline.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this paper is divided into four parts.The first part is theoretical foundation part,which expounds the Marxist classical writers about the urban and rural areas the motion law that the two issues from separation and opposites to the integration,analyzes the disadvantages of the traditional urbanization and the guiding significance of new urbanization of the rural reconstruction for rural reconstruction,which provides theoretical basis for the rural reconstruction system,but also laid a solid theoretical basis for the study of this article.The second part is the performance and harm of rural decline.First of all,this paper defines the concept of rural decline,contacting current situation of traditional rural life,through the comparison and analysis,and points out that the decline in the rural areas of rural population decline,farmland abandoned,agricultural land occupied,infrastructure decline and the shortage of education resources.The decline of rural not only hinder the "triple rural" problem solving and hinder our country to build a well-off society in an all-round way.And then it affects harmony and stability of the society.The third part is the reason of rural decline.In the context of traditional urbanization,this study does a deep dig into the reasons of rural decline,and divides into five aspects.Firstly,the duality-structure has hindered the development of urban and rural integration.Secondly,the slow reform of the rural land system has contributed to the wastage of land resources.Thirdly,the poor income of agricultural economy has caused the loss of the main part of rural development.Fourthly,the lag of the rural public service system has affected the supply level.Fifthly,the weakening of the function of the grassroots organizations in rural areas has made that the village-level organizations unable to reverse the decline.The fourth part mainly provides advices for the rural reconstruction.This paper based on the analysis results,provides targeted path selection in many aspects,from the system innovation,the development of rural economy,improving the village appearance and the level of rural public service : The first one is to break the city and countryside dual structure system which lasts for a long time,give the guarantee of equal development both for rural and urban areas,to perfect the rural land circulation system,realize the efficient utilization of cultivated land and value-added benefits;Changing unequal social security system between urban and rural areas,establish the social security system which is a combination of rural endowment insurance,the minimum living security,health care which covers the entire rural residents.The second one is vigorously develop the rural economy and increase input of agricultural science and technology,through the specialization,industrialization of agriculture transform the rural traditional agriculture to modern agriculture;At the same time,according to the characteristics of this village,it can improve economic role in cultural tourism,etc.The third one is to make rural reasonable space planning,strengthen land management system,improve the living environment.The forth one is to provide equal public services for both urban and rural areas,build diversified rural public service supply system and use the role of the villagers’ autonomous organization such as grassroots organizations.