The History Of The Family Planning Policy Of People's Republic Of China And The Development Of The Study

Family planning policy is one of the most important social policies in China,which determines the trend of population development in China for a considerable period of time,including population size,structure and quality,and has a crucial influence on economic and social development.From the early days of the founding of new China to the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee,China's family planning policy has undergone tremendous changes and has had a profound impact on China's population status and population development.In this paper,the evolution of family planning policy in China as the main line,to evolve the status quo as a foothold,combing the new China since the founding of China's family planning policy evolution process and its demographic consequences,and analysis of the "comprehensive two children" family planning Policy implementation of the problems faced.In general,China's family planning policy has gone through three stages,namely,"one child" stage,"open mouth,block big mouth,brake mouth" stage,"late marriage,late childbearing,less students,eugenics" stage and "Full two children" stage.Up to now,China's family planning policy has been implemented for nearly 50 years,its population control and economic,social,resource and environmental contradictions have been well coordinated.However,the potential problems brought about by the family planning policy are also hanging on the path of social and economic development in China as the sword of Damocles.Family planning policies have had some negative effects,such as the aging of the population aging process,the serious imbalance in the sex ratio at birth,and the sharp decline in the total fertility rate.In this context,the party and the government on the existing family planning policy has been a major adjustment,have developed and implemented the "two separate children" policy and "comprehensive two children" policy,aimed at alleviating the process of population aging,ease the labor shortage The situation,so that the high birth rate of sex than normal return to promote the total fertility rate of recovery.The study shows that the "comprehensive two-child policy" can effectively promote the return of the sex ratio at birth to the normal,appropriately alleviate the process of population aging,stabilize the population raising ratio and increase the supply of labor force,but its influence is very limited.Because the fertility of our country and fertility culture by the family planning policy and the impact of accelerated development of society has taken place quietly,coupled with the current raising of children and the cost of raising children rising,a large part of the young families do not want to fertility two Child or dare not give birth to two children.In view of the present situation of "comprehensive two children",it is suggested that the state should introduce the corresponding regulations and policies to reward and subsidize the families of the two children,introduce the relevant family planning welfare policy and improve the social security system.Through a variety of means comprehensive management to reduce the people's birth,education,pension and opportunity costs,from the national level to encourage childbearing child propaganda work to improve the public fertility will,to reverse the irrational situation of China's population structure,and thus promote the population Reasonable development of the structure,and ultimately to meet the requirements of China's social and economic development.