A Study On The Influence Of Universal Two-child Policy On Women's Career Development

In order to actively cope with the aging of the population and promote the balanced development of our population,the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally considered and adopted the universal two-child policy in October 2015.The full liberalization of two-child policy once again aroused widespread concern and discussion about the reproductive policy in the whole society.The impact of the universal two-child policy is broad and far-reaching,including the population,economy,society,family and other aspects of the content,while one of the most direct impact will point to the women of childbearing age.In fact,in the public discussion related to the fertility policy,the mainstream media more emphasis on women in the social and family development bearing the reproductive responsibility,but lack of the attention that women should enjoy the personal development interests.Obviously,women are the main body of second-child birth,as well the participants of social labor,while shoulder the dual role of family and society,experienced the dual pressures of two-child birth and career development.The lack of awareness of the rational choice of women in fertility also led to the separate two-child policy in the specific implementation of the cold,and proved that the reform of reproductive policy should not be ignored the personal development of fertility subject.Therefore,it is very necessary and important to correctly understand the difficulties and challenges faced by the women of childbearing age under the comprehensive two-child policy and actively explore the solution.Based on the generalization of women's life cycle theory and the characteristics of women's career development under the comprehensive two-child policy,this paper has revised the life cycle theory of women and analyzed them from the individual,social and organizational dimensions.The paper analyzes the factors influencing the career development of women,puts forward the relevant research hypothesis,and constructs the theoretical model of the influence factors of the comprehensive two-child policy on women's career development.Based on the particularity of the subject,the questionnaire was designed and quantified according to the standard of the Likert five scales.For the data of the questionnaire,this paper use the SPSS statistical software to carry on the corresponding empirical research to the sample data,tests the hypothesis relation between the relevant variables and verify the theoretical model.The empirical results show that under the policy of comprehensive two-child,the career development of women is mainly influenced by three levels: personal,social and organizational.At the individual level,the natural physiological characteristics of women determine the identity of the two-child birth.The occupation disruption caused by the secondary birth,women had to face the risk of reduced work input,decreased occupation capital accumulation,narrowed career development opportunities.At the social level,the traditional gender culture in the community has been playing a subtle and deep-rooted role.After second-child bearing,when the mother role and professional role in conflict and contradiction,they general choose the mother role,so as to assume more children support and education responsibilities.At the organizational level,the full liberalization of the two-child policy may largely aggravate the original invisible employer discrimination,the organization rejects the maternity value and reduces the risk of employment costs,which ultimately embodies the obstruction of female career development,causing women's organization support is weak and career development is slow.