Spatial Distribution Optimization Of Rural Settlement Based On The Functional Utilityin Hilly Areas At Village Level

Currently,the Chinese social economic transition has been in a key period.Rural settlement space distribution optimization is to promote the development of China's urban and rural and achieve the new rural construction.As a place for human to settle,live,rest and do each kind of social activities,rural residential area,is a center for human to do productive activity and social activities.Under the background of industrialization and urbanization,Farmers' living concepts have changed gradually and the residential demand have higher requirements.Farmers hope that rural settlement space distribution optimization can realize the functional utility maximization,and meet the needs of the production and living.Residence is one of the most fundamental requirements of human.Properties and characteristics of living space can satisfy the living needs of the farmers,that is the reason why farmers occupy the living space.At present,the study of functional utility is concentrated in urban housing.There are few studies on the functional utility of rural settlements,especially in rural areas of hilly areas.In this paper,improving the functional utility of rural residential is the entry point.Explore the core issues of rural settlements system reconstruction like connotation of functional utility,evaluation index system of rural settlements' functional utility.According to spatial pattern,which is large distribution but small concentration of rural settlements land in Chongqing hilly area,put forward to classification optimization thought of rural settlements land in two different living forms.And the principle of optimizing the spatial distribution of rural settlements is following the stability of rural space and promoting a moderate concentration of scattered farmers live.The conclusion of this research could be summed up in the following aspects:(1)Exploring the development trend of rural settlements in hilly and mountainous areas and analyzing the living needs of farmers is the prerequisite for determining the strategy of spatial distribution optimization.At present,rural settlements of hills and mountains have the following trends: In the first place,the rural residents tend to be large-scale.Farmers hope that they can have a centralized residence.Secondly,in order to meet the needs of their own living demand,farmers attach importance to occupy good development conditions of rural settlements.Finally,residential distribution control policy is effective,and the development of rural settlements is becoming more reasonable and sustainable.And the living demand is mainly affected by new rural construction system,rural economy diversification and urban living culture.(2)This paper proposes different optimization strategies for settlement and scattered places.Based on the results of functional utility evaluation,the settlements are divided into the village-level settlement,group-level settlement.Village-level settlements have a clear trend of spatial expansion,and its optimization strategy is limiting the spatial expansion trend of village-level settlements which is too close to basic farmland.For the group-level settlement,the optimization strategy is that according to the results of functional utility evaluation,identify the shortcomings of functional utility and his living effectiveness,improve the living effectiveness of restrictive factors.Combined with the housing construction time and farmer's dependence on cultivated land,optimization distribution model of scattered place is divided into the three types.(3)Taking Haitang village as research area,Haitang Village has 61 residential spots.Among the 42 settlements,there are 14 village-level settlements and 28 group-level settlements.The village-level settlements which have a good living,production,ecological conditions,is the ideal place for farmers in the village area.According to the optimization strategy,the two settlements of P25 and P55 should be restricted to further expansion.Among the 28 group-level settlements of Haitang Village,there are 23 settlements which have single restrictive factors and 5 rural settlements which have complex restrictive factors.According to the analysis of the restrictive factors,determining the strategy of distribution optimization the group-level settlements.For the scattered places,12 households are not relocated,28 households moved to the nearest village-level dominant settlements,11 households according to the wishes of farmers to choose the direction of relocation.Optimized,scattered settlements from 19 to 6,concentrated living in residential units within the number of farmers increased by 5.28%.