The Study Of The Endowment Insurance Influencing Factor Of Migrant Worker During Their Way To Citizen

Since the reform and opening-up, a large number of migrant workers leave rural areas for urban areas with a looser urban-rural dual system and the advancing urbanization in China. These “migrant workers” are no longer the peasants in the traditional sense, but they have not yet become the real city dwellers. They make a huge contribution to the constructions and developments of cities while they can't enjoy dividends come from the city development as the real city dwellers do. It gives a severe test to the urbanization and the sustainable development of economy in China. The awkward situation of these migrant workers in cities goes to the opposite of governing ideas such as “people oriented” and “China Dream”. Therefore, how to turn the “migrant workers” into not only the residents in statistical meaning but also the residents who can indeed integrate into the urban life and enjoy the equal treatment becomes increasingly important.The endowment insurance guarantees the old-age care of the migrant workers and provides supports in the process of their citizenization. Nevertheless, the situation of their endowment insurance participation is not optimistic. Finding the way to promote the participation rate of endowment insurance can ameliorate the living environment of the migrant workers and ease the pressure of yawning pension gap in China. It can also build a solid foundation for putting pension funds into the country's capital markets.By means of analyzing the research data of floating population in Hunan and the expert evaluation method, We pick out four dimensionalities of the elements which can affect the endowment insurance of migrant workers, they are: personal elements, family elements, work elements, involvement level to the city. Through theoretical and empirical analysis, it shows that the factors including the income level, the educational status, the understanding level of the endowment insurance policy, the corporate nature, the disjunction of the policy-making and migrant workers' characteristic, etc, can influence the participation behavior of the migrant workers in endowment insurance. On this basis, seven policy suggestions are proposed in three aspects, country, enterprise and individual. Firstly, establish a "government enterprise insurance company" support system to help the migrant worker take part in the endowment insurance. Secondly, ameliorate the convergence mechanism of participating in endowment insurance in another city. Thirdly, simplify the handling procedures and advertise more about the endowment insurance. Fourthly, standardize the employment behavior. Fifthly, the enterprise should be the one to take responsibility of paying the pensions. Sixthly, improve the education level of the migrant workers. Seventhly, reduce the living condition of migrant workers and improve the school enrollment condition of migrant workers' children. Lastly, enhance the public capital of migrant workers.