The Rise Of American Community Development Companies And Urban Community Governance

Based on the background of a massive rise in 1960 s the United States City Community Development Corporation,through the analysis of Bedford Stevenson community in Broolyn and Harlem community in Manhattan city transformation project,tries to explain the important influence of community development,late city community governance in the United States in twentieth Century,in order to bring some new thoughts for the governance and community development in China work.The research contents are divided into three parts.The first chapter introduces the background of the rise of American Community Development Corporation,and from the five aspects of the basic characteristics,role orientation,organization structure,scope of services and funding the organization structure and operation mode of Community Development Company.The second chapter lists the specific cases in Bedford Stevenson and Harlem community transformation project several Community Development Corporation,respectively,from the policy environment,social and market factors such as the perspective of results obtained in different periods and different stages of community development company analysis.In the Bedford Stevenson community transformation project,a huge advantage Bedford community service company and Bedford company to make full use of community reconstruction mode of operation of public resources and the effective combination of private sector,actively seek partnerships with the private sector,has successfully attracted several large companies including IBM group,stationed in the Bedford community,the community created nearly 500 jobs.Bedford community to rebuild the company's success marks the community development company after a long time of exploration and transformation,the organization structure and operation mode is gradually mature,gradually become one of the main force of city community governance in the United states.At the same time,in the Harlem community transformation in the case of the Ad Hoc Committee on local integration to New York city development company,to the latter part of the Harlem community development company,has long been influenced by the New York state government and the political power ofthe black community.Constraints of other organizations in the community under the power of the political forces and regional,community development corporation can not achieve the desired results,leading to the Harlem community has been in a state of community housing not only beset with troubles internally and externally,environment and health,education and other hardware facilities is not effectively improved,racism and marginalization trend intensified has been exacerbated by the community the rate of decline.From the Harlem Community Development Corporation's failure is not difficult to find,the problem of Community Development Corporation are exposed in the process of participation in community governance in the organization is relatively loose,the single source of funds and over rely on the strength of the government has become the main force to restrict its development.In the third chapter,summarizes the Community Development Corporation to participate in community governance experience at the same time,the opportunities and challenges of this organizational form in the new century was deeply analyzed and discussed the impact of community development company of the third sector participation in community governance development and Enlightenment of governance and community development in china.