A Study On The Relationship Between Parenting Style, Gender Role Identity And Mental Health In Adolescence

Adolescence has always been the focus of the whole society. With the socialization of puberty, the issues of gender role identity and mental health are becoming obvious gradually. Along with the constant attention of the academic circles toward the adolescent education, family education has turned into one of the significant forms of adolescent education, which greatly influences socialization of gender role as well as the development of mental health. Thus, it is essential to start from the perspective of family education, analyze the problems in the socialization of adolescence, explore the root causes of the problems, search for solutions for the problems, try the utmost to improve the scientificity of family education and set up a complete education system for the development of adolescence socialization.This research takes social gender theory as a starting point, and combines with social learning theory, cognitive development theory, symbolic interaction theory as well as body construction theory. By using the method of questionnaire survey and interview, it investigates the students in their puberty from four schools, discusses parenting style, gender role identity, mental health and their relationships, and makes an in-depth research on the existing problems and the reasons. The results of the study can be listed as follows:(1) It was found that emotion-warmed parenting was the main way of parenting style. Compared with father, the usage level by mother in rejecting parenting, emotion-warmed parenting and over-protected parenting was significantly higher. (2) Gender role identity becomes more flexible in adolescence, with androgyny gender role identity taking the highest proportion. In the meantime, undifferentiated gender role identity also accounts for a fairly high proportion. (3)The overall condition in adolescent mental health is unoptimistic. There are slight symptoms in nine dimensions including obsessive compulsive disorder, paranoia, antagonism, tensed and sensitive interpersonal relations, depression, anxiety, study pressure, maladaptiveness and emotional imbalance. (4)Through the analysis on parenting style, gender role identity, mental health and their relationships, the research finds that education methods of parents pose great impact on the gender role identity and mental health. Moreover, emotion-warmed parenting from father is the main factor of androgyny gender role identity in puberty. The higher degree of emotion-warmed parenting from father, the more remarkable of gender role identity of adolescence presenting androgyny. Emotional warmth and over-protection from mother refers to the main factor concerning mental health in puberty. Additionally, the higher degree of emotion-warmed parenting from father, the higher level of psychological health for children. Additionally, the higher degree of over-protected parenting from mother, the lower level of their children's psychological health. (5)Gender role identity in puberty exerts the moderating effect between parenting style and mental health. Meanwhile, positive masculine gender role identity has the moderating effect among rejecting parenting from mother, emotion-warmed parenting, over-protected from both of the parents and mental health. Positive feminine gender role identity has the moderating effect among rejecting parenting, emotion-warmed parenting, over-protected from both of the parents and mental health.According to the above research, this paper analyzes the problems of gender role identity in puberty by combining with theory. Based on the problems, this research discusses the origins of problems from the perspective of society, family and individual. In the end, from the point of family education, the research puts forward the concrete discussion on the development of adolescence socialization from the perspective of society, family and individual respectively.