| Chinese traditional development mode of urbanization has been verified to be unsustainable, and it has resulted in a series of economic issues, society matters and environmental troubles. The oasis towns occupy the inland in the Hexi Corridor are surrounded by desert. The factors of arid climate, the scarcity of water resources, the laggard social-economies and the fragile eco-environment are the causes of lagging condition in the development level of urbanization of the Hexi Corridor's oasis towns. And it has become the economic and social progress "bottleneck". To dispense the constraint factors to the urbanization, to improve the level and quality of urbanization, the new urbanization road has been the historical choice for the oasis towns in the Hexi Corridor.This paper takes Gaotai County, which is the typical representative of oasis towns and one of the second batch of national pilot towns of new urbanization, as the research case. Based on theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, this paper explores Gaotai's developmental modes of new urbanization. And though the research on the developmental modes, this paper designed to accomplish the goals of sustained quality growth in urbanization and the building up of the eco-town. The new urbanization developmental modes of Gaotai can also act as the demonstration patterns. So the modes should be popularized and applied to the other oasis towns in the Hexi Corridor. In the end, the new urbanization developmental modes of Gaotai can increase the quality and the level of urbanization of the Hexi Corridor roundly. Only in this way, can the oasis towns in the Hexi Corridor maximum their strategic values.In empirical research, this paper initially studies the resources and environment foundation of the development of new urbanization from three parts:the system of water resources, the system of urban land resources and the ecosystem. (1) In the aspect of the water resources. PSR assessment model of water resources vulnerability and evaluation method of water resources carrying capacity based on the nature-economy-society-water resources complex system are used. Through the two methods, the conclusions as follows are got:water resources system is in a continuous optimization process; coordination capacity of the complex nature-economy-society-water resources system has improved significantly, but it is still not strong. Utilization level and utilization coefficiency of water resources are both relatively low; the pressure from economic and social development has eased off, but it is still unaffordable for the water resources system; the comprehensive carrying capacity of water resources system has increased, but the system is on the verge of overload; artificial response measures now has little effect to change the severely vulnerable state of the water resources system. (2)In the aspect of the urban land resources. Comprehensive capacity is calculated though four factors:population carrying capacity, economic bearing capacity, construction supporting capacity and ecological carrying capacity. The calculation result shows that the level of urban land comprehensive capacity is pretty low, the intensity of land use is relatively weak, and the operation method of land uses is inefficient. Extensive urban land using pattern constrains the maximum of land resources'potential and value. It also restricts the urban land resources'ability to advance the urbanization process. (3)In the aspect of ecosystem. The application of ecological footprint computing method and ecological pressure index computing method can lead to the conclusion that Gaotai County is in the serious situation of ecological deficit and the ecological system is in an extremely insecure state.After the empirical research of the resources and environment foundation of the new urbanization development, this paper analyzes the process and the current situation of Gaotai's urbanization through seven parts:economic urbanization, industry urbanization, population urbanization, land urbanization, society urbanization, spatial relations of town system and comprehensive urbanization level. And the research on the process and the current situation of Gaotai's urbanization reveals the economic and social foundation of the development of new urbanization. Through the research, it is clear that a series of fruition is achieved through urbanization in the economic and social fields:sustained economic development and secular growth of economic urbanization rate have provide a solid backing to guarantee the healthy development of urbanization; the gradually optimizing and upgrading of industrial structure in Gaotai County has been enhancing the endogenous driving force of urbanization; both population urbanization rate and proportion of non-agricultural population are rising continuously; land urbanization has provided enough bearing capacity and ample room for urban development in the future; the level of urban-rural integration has improved obviously and the construction of well-off society is productive; spatial association of the town system in Gaotai is convenient; the comprehensive level of urbanization development has increased obviously. All of the achievements above lay a solid economic and social foundation for the development of new urbanization. However, issues on the economy and the society remain potent:(1) in the aspect of economic urbanization. The economic scale is too small now, and the endogenous motivation is too weak from economic development, especially non-agricultural economic development, to urbanization. Due to the small scale, Public finance and fixed-asset investment's positive effect to urbanization is limited severely, (2) in the aspect of industry urbanization. The proportion of non-agricultural industries is relatively low and the proportion of primary industry is too high. The non-agricultural industries can not give a strong supporting motive force to urban agglomeration of population, to the non-agricultural transformation of population and to the connotative development of urbanization. The weakness basis and insufficient development of the industry decides that it can not play a full part in population urbanization; (3) in the aspect of population urbanization. Population urbanization rate is relatively low. Because of the slow-moving course of population's non-agricultural, a considerable number of urban population is agricultural population, and it shows the low-quality of urbanization, and it also indicates that the relatively low population urbanization rate is virtual height. Besides, the town system's rank-size distribution structure is in the initial state of equilibrium, the phenomenon of population agglomeration to the center towns is not occur; (4) in the aspect of land urbanization. The growth rate of land urbanization is too fast. The relationship between land urbanization and population urbanization, the relationship between land urbanization and economic urbanization, the relationship between land urbanization and industrialization, are all serious imbalance. The development of land urbanization is in lack of a strong support from population aggregation and endogenous power, and it shows the characteristics of over-developed and inferior quality; (5) in the aspect of society urbanization. The level of urban-rural integration is too low, the urban-rural dual structure is still obvious. A big distance is exist between the construction level of well-off society and the standard of the all-round well-off society; (6) in the aspect of town system's spatial relationship. The whole road networks are quite low in degree and are unsound in structure and are poor in road condition. Due to the problems above, the traffic capacity and transportation convenience are seriously restricted; (7) in the aspect of comprehensive urbanization level. Correlation calculation reveals that the pressure that the ecosystem withstands is growing with the development of urbanization. In general, the development of urbanization is over-dependent on land urbanization and the propulsion mode is extensive. The government-oriented land urbanization is over-developed, but the urbanization's foundation of non-agricultural industries is instable, the endogenous power is insufficient. The urbanization is in lack of the supporting from the urban agglomeration of population, the development of industries and economic growth. The relatively low population urbanization rate is virtual height. The urban-rural dual structure is still obvious. The comprehensive urbanization level is relatively low, and the urbanization also shows the features of inferior quality and lacking connotation.Based on the empirical research in chapter three and chapter four, in consideration of the relevant national documents and spirits of new urbanization, this paper proposes the principles and the targets of Gaotai's development of new urbanization. The principles are as follows:the principle of ecology protection priority; the principle of ecology civilization; the principle of the coordination of "four modernizations"; the principle of human-oriented; the principle of urban-rural integration; the principle of land intensive utility; the principle of the optimization for urban spatial relationship; the principle of Cultural inheritance; the principle of market-oriented and government guidance; the principle of playing a leading and exploratory role. The targets are set as the oasis towns's flagship of new urbanization, the oasis towns' model of eco-town and the important node town on the Silk Road. In the end, this paper puts forward the development patterns of new urbanization that have a great reference value to the oasis towns in Hexi Corridor. The development patterns can be defined as the theory of seven-cities:(1) the new urbanization mode of ecological safety town based on ecological protection; (2) the new urbanization mode of prosperous town based on industrial upgrading; (3) the new urbanization mode of innovation town based on the target of innovation-driven; (4) the new urbanization mode of well-being town based on the tenet of people oriented; (5) the new urbanization mode of humane town based on cultural prosperity; (6) the new urbanization mode of smart town based on informatization; (7) the new urbanization mode of eco-town based on ecological civilization. |
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