The International Comparative Research On The Operation Efficiency Of High-speed Railway Based On Multi-stage Network DEA Model

In order to satisfy the requirement of liquidity and high-speed from people,after ten years of unremitting efforts,China has raised a huge sum of money to carry out a large scale of high-speed railway construction,having already built the world's most massive high-speed rail network and the highest operating speed,and made a first-class technical progress.However,while China's high-speed rail construction achieve the technical success,the question of whether China achieve the first-class management and first-class operating efficiency has not been fully affirmation.This article attempts to discuss whether the operating efficiency of China's high-speed railway is in the leading position in the world through the international comparison method.The implementation path is to adopt multi-stage network DEA model,and four Asian and four European high-speed rail systems are compared between 2008 and 2014,aiming at measure the operational efficiency and performance.the high-speed operation process is divided into three stages(driving process,operation process and management process),respectively to measure the efficiency of high-speed motor train-set(mobile devices),high-speed rail transport efficiency(plus fixed and mobile devices)and high-speed operation efficiency.Finally,the Tobit regression model is used to explore the influencing factors of operational performance of the high-speed railway.The results show that:(1)From 2008 to 2014,the decision making units:France,Germany,Japan,South Korea and Taiwan are DEA efficient.(2)China has been the worst decision making units during the period from 2008 to 2011,however,it is also the most improved decision making units of all.Since 2012,China has done better than Italy and Spain,being no longer the worst decision making unit.At last,China became the DEA effective decision making unit in 2013.(3)Judging from the average during the several years,the operating level of the two areas is roughly the same,however,the development of scale efficiency in Europe is superior to Asia,and Asia has more advantages in the pure technical efficiency.(4)In the evaluation of efficiency in stages,South Korea is DEA effective in the first stage,and China and Taiwan are DEA effective in the second stage,while Germany is the best in the process of operation in the third stage.Specifically,the efficiency of China in the first and third stages are relatively backward,but the efficiency in the transport process performs well.(5)In the evaluation of dynamic efficiency,the efficiency variety of each decision units during the period of 2008-2014 are as follows:the Malmquist productivity index of France,Germany,Italy and Taiwan is relatively stable,and the Malmquist productivity index of Spain,Japan,Korea and China has obvious changes,with a large fluctuation during the whole period.(6)By contrast,the gross domestic product(GDP),the high railway network density,the utilization ratio of the seating capacity and the passenger transport density have a significant impact on the operational efficiency both in Asia and Europe,especially for Asia,the region population also have a significant impact on high-speed operation efficiency.Besides,through the results of the research,a conclusion can also be found that the gross domestic product(GDP)mainly influence the scale efficiency of the high-speed operation efficiency,and the impact on the pure technical efficiency is not significant.