The Risk Sharing Mechanism Construction Of Rural Land Contracted Property Mortgages

For a long time,the difficulty of financing in agricultural field is a hindrance to China’s rural economic development.The contradiction between low profit,policy,high risk and commercialization and market operation of rural credit has not been solved fundamentally.This is an important reason for the "dual structure" of urban and rural economy.Unlike urban assets,a large number of rural assets are always "sleeping" and waiting for funds to survive,which has not been effectively used.Only to solve the plight that farmers “have no money in hand,have land under foot”,can funds to rural areas be effectively attracted,can the sustainable development of rural and urban economy be developed under the premise of in line with the laws of the market.In order to further promote the rural comprehensive reform,deepen the rural financial services,strengthen the credit support of the moderately sized enterprises in agriculture and promote the development of modern agriculture,the agricultural land management mortgage reform has carried out,and achieved certain results under the support of various policies and the central document,However,there are still obstacles to the further development of land management mortgage.First of all,there is conflicts between the land management right mortgage policy and the existing law,the pilot areas have not completely break through the legal constraints of "Property Law","Rural Land Contract Management Rights","Guarantee Law".Secondly,the land operation right still has some difficulties.In the national pilot area,the time of transfer right is not clear,the ownership of right of rural land management is weak,it’s value is not fully reflected,the land management right still has judicial obstruction,there are still lack of professional assessment guide,the market for transfer of land management rights has always been unable to form effectively.Again,in the face of the above risks and potential risks,most of the pilot areas of agricultural land management mortgage risk is still solved by the government,there has not yet formed an effective risk-sharing mechanism.Land management right mortgage is a significant innovation to reform rural land system and rural financial system in China,and also a key to unlock urban and rural "dual structure".Therefore,how to avoid and resolve the risk,how to evaluate the current farmland operating right mortgage risk sharing mechanism,how to build a perfect risk-sharing mechanism are the main problems to be discussed in this paper.The first part of the thesis is an introduction.This paper introduces the background of China’s rural land management mortgage trial and the practical significance of constructing the risk-sharing mechanism.It defines the content and framework of this paper,systematically expounds and summarizes the domestic and foreign mortgage loans on farmland.Finally,the author introduces the research methods,data sources,technical routes and possible innovations of mortgage risk sharing mechanism.The second part of the thesis is the theoretical basis of rural land management right mortgage.This paper analyzes the necessity and absence of the risk sharing mechanism of the rural land management right mortgage,and lays a theoretical foundation for the following research from aspects of the theory of property right,the theory of mortgage right of farmland management and the theory of risk sharing mechanism.The third part of the thesis is the risk analysis of rural land management right mortgage in Ningxia Pingluo.First of all,introduce rural land management mortgage status in Ningxia Pingluo from the policy environment,business operations,cumulative results and preliminary result.Secondly,analyze natural risk,business risk,legal system risk,credit risk,operational risk and collateral value risk to the mortgage risk of rural land management right.Thirdly,analyze the risk undertaken by subjects from the perspectives of farmers,governments,financial institutions,insurance institutions,property rights assessment institutions and guarantee institutions.Finally,introduce the present situation and existing problems of the current risk-sharing mechanism of mortgage loans in Ningxia Pingluo.The fourth part of the thesis is the evaluation of the risk sharing mechanism of rural land management right mortgage in Ningxia Pingluo.Based on the above analysis of the risk of rural land management mortgage in Ningxia Pingluo,this chapter constructs the evaluation index and evaluates the existing mechanism by using the triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process.Under comprehensive evaluation index design and description,Get the weight of each index through the fuzzy number AHP method and ultimately get a comprehensive evaluation results.The fifth part is the analysis of the willingness of farmers and financial institutions to the guarantee mechanism of rural land management right mortgage.This paper analyzes the relevant factors influencing the willingness of farmers and financial institutions to participate in the guarantee mechanism of land management right mortgage by using Ologit method.The conclusions are as follows: First,the gender of the farmer,the age,the education level,the total assets,the dependency ratio,whether or not the relatives and friends have served as the(village)cadres and the farmers’ understanding of the risks and the preventive measures positively affect the willingness of the farmers to participate in the guarantee mechanism;Relatives and friends in government departments(ever),whether there are relatives and friends in the bank(ever),financial institutions,the attitude of the financial institution exert negative impact of farmers willing to participate in the guarantee mechanism.Second,the education level of the credit officer,the risk assessment of the collateral disposal,the risk assessment of the collateral evaluation,the staff operation risk assessment,the farmer’s credit risk assessment,the rural credit environment,the guarantee system is sound and the agricultural insurance system positively influence the willingness of financial institutions to participate in the guarantee mechanism.The seventh part of the paper is the countermeasures and suggestions to perfect the risk sharing mechanism of rural land management right mortgage in Ningxia Pingluo.On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analysis,the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the risk-sharing mechanism.First,strengthen risk sharing constraints,increase government financial subsidies,the introduction of market capital investment.Second,improve the implementation of the rules and standard operating procedures,establish a standard of farmland management right mortgage system.Third,the introduction of third party guarantee institutions,to establish the "land management rights to third party mortgage risk guarantee","risk sharing mode farmland management right counter guarantee third party risk guarantee".In fourth,the main cultivation of risk awareness and cognition,enhance the willingness of farmers and financial institutions.