A Study On Matching Of Soil And Water Resources In China Based On Virtual Water And Farmland Strategy

At present,Chinese is faced with an increasing shortage of water and farmland resource,while the matching of water and soil resources is not ideal.From the perspective of virtual water and virtual farmland strategy,this article takes 31 provinces(except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)as study elements.Based on the calculation of the content?trade volume and total amount of virtual water and virtual farmland of the main grain crops in each province,the concept of evaluation of matching degree of virtual water-farmland resource utilization was put forward,and the evaluation index system was established to quantify it,then discuss some countermeasures to promote the utilization efficiency of water and farmland resources,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to ensure food security,water-soil security and ecological security.The virtual water resource's endowments and trade situation of main grain crops in China from 2005 to 2014 are calculated.The results shows that the contents of virtual farmland are from high to low is soybean,wheat,corn and rice.During the decade,the import of virtual water in China is dominated by soybean,and it's corn from 2005 to 2007,rice from 2008 to 2011,soybean from 2012 to 2014;Chinese net imports of virtual water resources continued to increase at an average annual growth rate of 20.22%;The total amount of virtual water increased from 591.8 billion m3 in 2005 to 8479.5 billion m3 in 2014,with an average annual growth rate of 4.33%year by year.The content,trade situation,trade balance and total amount of virtual farmland in Chinese main grain from 2005 to 2014 are calculated.The results shows that the content of virtual farmland from high to low is soybean,wheat,corn and rice.The virtual farmland's import of Chinese main grain is dominated by soybean,and the export is dominated by soybean from 2005 to 2007,too.But in 2010,rice is accounting for the highest proportion;The virtual farmland imports of Chinese main grain continued to increase at an average annual growth rate of 15.04%,while the exports continued to decrease at an average annual rate of 8.97%;The total amount of virtual farmland shows a uptrend,but in 2006-2007,the total amount of virtual arable land decreased as a result of the decrease in wheat and corn's net imports and production.From the point of view of grain's varieties,The proportion from high to low is rice,corn,wheat and soybeans.The matching degree of virtual water-farmland resource utilization matching degree is analyzed,and the evaluation results are divided into 6 gradesd level,the high-degree mismatching(0<R<0.05);II level,the moderate-degree mismatching(0.05<R<0.1);III level,the low-degree matching(0.1<R<0.3);IV level,low-degree matching(0.3<R<0.5);V level,moderate-degree mismatching(0.5<R<0.7);VI level,high-degree matching(0.7<R<1.2).The results show that the matching degree of virtual water-farmland resource utilization in China is the distribution pattern of"higherin the east while lower in the west,higher in the south while lower in the north,descending from southeast to northwest".The matching area(including the high-degree matching area,the moderate-degree matching area and the low-degree matching area)is mainly distributed in midland and the northern area of China,while the mismatch area(including the high-degreemismatch area,moderate-degree mismatch area and low-degree mismatch area)is mainly distributed in western area of China.Among the 31 provinces(excluding Taiwan,Hong Kong and Macao),there are 3 provinces of high-degree mismatching,6 provinces of moderate mismatching,6 provinces of low-degree mismatching,3 provinces of low-degree matching,9 provinces of moderate matching,4 provinces highly matched.Based on the results of virtual water-farmland resources utilization,Considering diversity law,local economy and natural conditions,puts forward to establish developing area in the east,promoting area in the midland and exploitation area in the west.We should put forward the five specific measures to promote the coordinated use of water and soil resources:perfecting the water and soil resources trade market,innovating the management system of water and soil resources,vigorously developing modern and efficient agriculture with water saving and land conservation,perfecting the relevant legal system of water and soil resources,and establishing agricultural water resources and ecological compensation mechanism of farmland resources.