| Since the 21 th century,the globalization of economy and rapid urbanization have intensified the city’s spatial association,informationalization and convenient traffic have make linkages between cities more closely and flatly,the study of connection between cities also experienced changes that from the level connection of the city to the function and network connection.Shandong province is one of the most important coastal economic province in China,it is also an important part of the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone,the western area connects inland and excellent seaports of eastern peninsula are the bridge of inland open to the outside world.The state and Shandong province were put forward several strategy of regional development of Shandong Province,and the city spatial connectional structure is an important basis for the optimization of space.therefore,the research of city contact of Shandong province has practical significance for Regional coordinated development.Based on the summary of the research on urban connection,choosing the data of 17 cities of Shandong Province in the past 15 years,with the help of Arc GIS,Ucinet,Spss and other software tools,by utilizing city flow intensity model,radiation model and complex network model,this paper from node,line and network three levels measured and analyzed urban spatial conection in Shandong province during 2000 to 2014.Through the stepwise regression to explore its influencing factors,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the regional development of Shandong province.The spatial and temporal evolution of the node level characteristics: Firstly,in general,the intensity of urban flow steadily increased,but the polarization of development level is obvious,meanwhile,the extent of integration is not high.Secondly,In spatial pattern perspective,the gap of development level between eastern is better than the western,the northern is higher than the southern,the coastal areas tend to be high level and flat development,and the inland areas have more lower level cities,so the development is extremely out-off-balance and the gap is widening.The pattern has constituted a structure that centered at Ji’nan and sag around.The urban flow intensity of every city led by Ji’nan,Qingdao and Yantai over time,and overall showed a trend of increasing year by year,the increment speed is slow first and fast lately.Finally,In urban flow intensity structure perspective,there are less cities which economic strength greater than urban flow tendency but much more cities which urban flow tendency greater than economic strength.The urban flow intensity of most cities is at a low level because of the limitation of economic strength.The spatial and temporal evolution of the line level characteristics: In distribution and evolution of the axis perspective,the Connection structure of the urban in Shandong province experienced the transition from the polar core stage which take Ji’nan and Qingdao as the center to the corridor stage which Including the inland axis formed by Ji’nan-Qingdao and the coast Line formed by Weihai-Yantai-Qingdao –Rizhao and then to the network stage which shows the high intensity interactive development trend.In the strength and the direction of connection perspective,centrifugal outward connection is more than centripetal from other cities.On the basis of the classification of the urban contact potential,cities in the highest and lowest level of the ranking is stable,frequent change in the middle.Many of the city’s ranking changes in the scope of internal rating,few city ranking changes at different levels which resulting in the difference between the three sections,the coastal economic area is the highest,followed by the Ji’nan metropolitan area,the lowest in Lunan Economic belt.The spatial and temporal evolution of the network level characteristics: Firstly,from the perspective of centrality,the distribution pattern of the central city shows a decreasing gradient from the core to the periphery with the provincial capital,the deputy provincial capital city and the city which is close to the capital city and Possess strength as the core network.With time going on,the centrality of the city as a whole gradually increased,the core and the edge changed little,the city adjacent to the core changed larger.Throng the analysis of the in-degree and out-degree of the cities found that both of them are are similar to each other which maintain a state of common growth.Secondly,from the perspective of Clustering coefficient,the association of the urban network is becoming more and more closely,and the maturity is steadily increasing.However,the overall performance is still relatively loose which presented by the relationship between cities depends on the central city as a bridge and intermediary.With time going on,the urban connection network is becoming more and more perfect.The agglomeration of the adjacent city of the central city has been strengthened and developed into a new center.Meanwhile,the interactive capacity of the edge city has gradually increased.Finally,from the perspective of cohesive subgroup,the cohesive subgroup which characterized by compact association of subgroup interior and loose association between subgroups gradually developed to maturity.Jinan-Zibo,as the core subgroup which affects the whole province,is also the development source and foundation of cohesive subgroups in Shandong province.With time going on,the number of cohesive subgroups changed little,but the structure was extremely instability.Factors affecting the urban connection and development: The urban basic scale on behalf of the urban comprehensive strength,industrial service as a direct tractive effort and resource circulation as the necessary carrier play important role in the urban contact potential.In the new era,the role of the level of cultural education,information technology,urbanization quality in the impact of Urban interrelation pattern is on the rise.The influence of traffic accessibility on the urban contact potential has been weakened,while the urban location is not the dominant factor affecting the urban linkage.The development countermeasure and path of urban spatial connection: Shorten the connection distance between Jinan and Qingdao and contributed to the mutual support of the two core situation which aimed at enhancing the traction of the dual core.Developing superior industries and adjusting the industrial structure in order to enhance the overall interactive ability.Strengthen the main contact path to promote internal gather of the connection network.Finally,with the help of transport facilities network,impel the formation of the "#" development pattern to give impetus to the coordinated advancement of cities in Shandong Province. |
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