The Research On The Path And Countermeasure Of Construction Of Shandong Water Market

Water is the source of life,the base of ecological,of all things,is indispensable important resources for economic and social sustainable development.However,along with the increase of population,science and technology progress and economic development,human threats are growing because of the water.Shandong is a relatively developed province in eastern China.Although the industrialization and urbanization level it has been a huge boost than in the past,water resources are also faced with water shortages,low water efficiency and serious water pollution and other serious problems.These problems have become the main factors restricting the sustainable development of economy and society.For this reason Shandong Province actively responded to the call of the state,and is trying to explore the establishment of a new water rights system,the introduction of market mechanisms to optimize water resources allocation and improve water efficiency.Water rights water market pilot construction has become an important choice in Shandong Province to break the water crisis.However,how to establish a water market,the establishment of what kind of water rights system and water market model can make the market mechanism in the water resources allocation play its due role? What are the basic conditions and constraints of water market construction in Shandong Province? All of these questions are important theoretical and practical issues worthy of further study.On the basis of the previous research results,this paper uses the method of normative analysis and empirical analysis to follow the logical thinking from the general to the special,from theory to practice,and then from special to general,from practice to theory and give a more comprehensive analysis and answers to the questions how to build a water market and what kind of water market to set up.In addition to the first chapter of the introduction,the content of this paper is summarized as follows:The second chapter is the general theoretical analysis of water market construction.On the basis of summarizing the connotation,characteristics and functions of property rights,this part systematically analyzes property right system foundation of water market construction,water market system and constituent elements of water market construction from the general theory point of view,and discusses the basic conditions of water market formation and development and constraints.It is considered that the clear water right is the institutional basis of the formation and development of the water market.Although the water resources have the characteristics of public resources,the water resources are also separable and measurable under certain technical and ability conditions,which make water right clearly defined possible.However,the clear water right only provides the prerequisite for the formation and development of the water market.the formation and healthy development of the water market also need to have the corresponding institutional,material and technical conditions,such as the cultivation of water rights trading subject and participant subject and infrastructure construction of water conservancy,water rights trading rules and trading platform construction.All these could not be ignored factors in water market construction.The third chapter is the analysis on the progress and problems of water market construction in Shandong province.This part of the investigation through the research makes a more comprehensive study the progress of the water market construction in Shandong Province,refines its main practices,and taps the existing problems.The main experience and practice: first,the establishment of the initial allocation of water rights and water rights trading rules;second,combined with excess water price system and land system,improve the formation of water rights trading market mechanism to adjust the market price of water demand;Third,the existence of a certain amount of water conservation is the prerequisite for the sustainable development of water market in Shandong Province;Fourth,cultivate the main market,the establishment of "irrigation service center + association + water users" market operation mechanism.At the same time pointed out the existing problems: First,the pilot area of water rights trading price is not the market equilibrium price,failed to reflect the function of its market configuration;the second is that the scope of water rights,the form and the main body of the transaction have the corresponding limitations,so that the price of water rights in the pilot area is not the equilibrium price of the market,Restricting the water rights transactions in other areas of the province to carry out;third,measurement difficulties,transaction externalities and other factors make the transaction costs are too high,and water supply and demand sides can not afford too high cost.The fourth chapter is the experience and enlightenment of domestic and international water market construction.From this part of the in-depth study of the domestic and international water market construction of the typical case,we summed up its experience and have also been inspired.Domestic and foreign practice shows that: First,the scientific and rational water rights system is the property system to define a clear basis for the system;Second,perfect water conservancy and water conservation facilities,metering facilities,market rules is the material basis of water market construction;Third,to determine the benefits,the cost of water market is the basic premise of sustainable development;Fourth,the efficient banks and water rights trading platform is the technical basis for the development of water market.The fifth chapter is the path and countermeasure of water market construction in Shandong province.This part puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of the construction of water market in Shandong province,combining with the practical experience at home and abroad and the actual practice in Shandong province.Firstly,the author clarifies the definition and allocation mechanism of the initial water right,The scope of rights,establish and improve the interests of water rights protection mechanism,a clear definition of water rights.Second,cultivate water supply companies,irrigation companies,water associations and other subjects,and strengthen the main market construction.Third,in accordance with the principle of fairness and autonomy to establish water rights trading platform,improve water conservancy facilities,water market trading rules and other infrastructure for the effective operation of the water market to lay the material and technical basis.Fourth,actively explore the new form of water rights transfer,develop financial products related to water rights and water products,correctly guide the water supply industry into the water market,to develop into the main force,and then build the Shandong characteristics of the water market.There are three characteristics in this paper: one is the research object or the research perspective has its own characteristics,this paper to Shandong Province water market construction as the main research object,reveals problems and constraints factors in the water market construction in Shandong Province,and put forward the feasibility recommendations,which is not common in similar research in China.Second,the research content is systematic and not only systematically combing and analyzing the prerequisite and conditions of water market construction and development,but also the practical experience of water market construction at home and abroad summarized,to provide a comprehensive experience support for the construction of water market in Shandong Province.Third,the countermeasures are feasible,especially the idea of "water market construction should be combined with water price system reform and water conservancy project property right system reform,construction of water supply market as the core of water market system" point of view.However,this study is only a preliminary study of the water market.There are still many shortcomings,such as the water market construction data literature is not detailed enough;some studies only put forward the point of view,but did not form a more systematic theoretical system.All need to be overcome in the future of learning with doubled effort.