| As the link between urban and rural areas,rural-urban continuum is the first to recognize the influence of urbanization.And it is the main battlefield for policy implementation of balance urban and rural development.Distribution optimization of rural settlements is of great significance to promote rural modernization,to resolve the most intense contradiction between urban and rural areas,and to realize the urbanization of people.Whereas,with the rapid urbanization,the land use are facing more and more complicated problems in rural-urban continuum.Therefore,combined with planning policies and rural economic development mode,we can make the study on distribution optimization of rural settlements in rural-urban continuum for construction of new countryside and plan formulation.This paper chooses Gulu Town in Chongqing as a case in which the distribution optimization of rural settlements is carried out according to the research path of "factor screening-status evaluation-scheme establishing".Combined with GIS spatial analysis methods and landscape ecology methods,this paper is analyzed the land use change and the spatial differential features of rural settlements in rural-urban continuum.Then,we could discern the spatial distribution and evolution factors of rural settlements in rural-urban continuum.Integrated score value method and discriminance,the suitability and development advantage of rural settlements are evaluated in a step-by-step way.And these evaluation could solve the issues of demolition and relocation of rural settlements,determination of development advantage direction respectively.Afterwards,with the guidance of planning and agricultural industrialized development,the types of rural settlements are dividing by the evaluation results of suitability and development advantage in rural-urban continuum.And then,the optimization strategies and safeguard measures of distribution optimization of rural settlements are formulated.Through the above study,we get the following conclusions:(1)The differentiated characteristics of spatial distribution of rural settlements are affected by the comprehensive location conditions in rural-urban continuum.With the process of rapid urbanization,the change of land use for rural residency in Gulu Town was in a passive state of development in the five years from 2009 to 2013,and it was difficult to form a spatial distribution pattern which promoted the development of rural industry.In the analysis of the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural settlements,it was found that the spatial distribution density of settlements is gradually reduced to the east and west sides of Gulu Town because of the influence of terrain conditions,traffic convenience and urbanization development level.The land scale of the rural settlements was also showed differentiation character with the influence of terrain conditions and locational conditions.And we found an inverse correlation relationship between the land scale of settlements and the spatial distribution density of settlements.It showed by the spatial distribution of rural settlements with the high-density small-scale and the low-density large-scale in Gulu.Due to the lack of overall planning and the intensive human activities,the landscape of rural settlements in Gulu showed the spatial distribution of sparse and clustered coexistence,but the boundary shape of individual settlement was regular.(2)It was good for analyzing the suitability and development advantage of rural settlements in the step-by-step way of evaluation.In the stage of evaluating the suitability of rural settlements,we focused on solving the problem of demolition and relocation of settlements.And in the rural development advantage evaluation stage,we solved the problem of development direction.In the results of the suitability evaluation of rural settlements,it was found that the suitability degree of settlements had a positive correlation with the scale of settlements and transportation accessibility,and the settlements which were suitable for reserved had large land scale with convenient transportation.In the result of evaluating development advantage of rural settlements,we were found that the spatial distribution of rural settlements with different development advantages had obviously spatial distribution characteristics.The settlements with superior agriculture were mainly distributed in the northern areas of Gulu Town,the non-agricultural settlements were mainly distributed in the middle of Gulu,and the settlements with lower edge located in the south and east of Gulu Town,while comprehensive advantage settlements nearby Gulu’s designated town and parkland.(3)The distribution optimization scheme of rural settlements was making up pointedly with the guidance of planning policy,the results of suitability and development advantage of rural settlements in rural-urban continuum.The distribution optimization types of rural settlements in Gulu were divided into 5 types,including urbanization type,moved and combined type,leisure farm type,integrated service type and eco-tourism farm type.Specifically,the urbanization type could guide the change of farmers’ living and producing style,while the settlements gradually transformed into urban construction land.Based on providing famers with basic protection and economic assistance,the settlements of moved and combined type were gradually moved out and integrated.Combined with the division of agricultural industry advantages and demand for agricultural products of urban area,we could guide the settlements of leisure farm type to be integrated and moderate expansion,and intensity the economic and social exchanges among these settlements,urban areas and the central villages.The settlements of integrated service type could be building as central villages,with basic public service facilities strengthened,surrounding small-scale settlements integrated.Around the protection space of the ecological landscape value,we could guide the settlements of eco-tourism farm type to be integrated and moderate expansion. |
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