Research On The Tourism Spatial Structure Of Iran Based On The Point-Axis Theory

The research of spatial structure is an important part of regional research,and it is one of the themes of tourism research.The rationality of the regional spatial structure determines the role of promoting or hindering the regional economy;it's particularly important to tourism spatial structure.As the carrier of tourism activities,the rational distribution of tourism space structure will directly promote the development of tourism in the area.Therefore,to build a reasonable tourism space structure can provide direction for tourism development and planning,and provide guidance for regional tourism development strategy.In September 2013,China's President Xi Jinping has put forward the "Silk Road Economic Zone","21st Century Maritime Silk Road".Iran becomes the axis country of the Belt and Road,and tourism has become an important part of the the Belt and Road strategy.Iran has also used the tourism industry as an important area for the revitalization of the domestic economy in the post-Iranian nuclear crisis.At present,Iran's domestic tourism resources are very rich,natural tourism resources ranks fifth in the world,historical and cultural heritage tourism resources ranked tenth,with a strong tourism development potential.But the domestic tourism income only ranked around 50 th in the world,accounting for less than 0.5% of the world tourism share,which is not commensurate with the status of tourism resources.Therefore,to become a powerful engine of economic recovery in Iran,tourism industry should optimize the distribution,enhance tourism competitiveness,to achieve tourism spatial structure innovation.As the basic theory of regional development,the point-axis theory has great theoretical value and practical guidance to tourism development and regional tourism spatial structure research.This paper takes Iran as the object of study,first of all,based on the deep combing,analysis and summary of predecessors' research results of tourism space structure,point-axis theory applied to tourism and Iran tourism,this paper defines and discusses the relevant concepts and theoretical basis of regional tourism spatial structure,and expounds the significance of the application of point-axis theory to tourism spatial structure.Secondly,it analyzes the background and current situation of the tourism spatial structure of Iran by referring to relevant literatures,and points out that Iranian humanistic tourism resources and natural tourism resources complement each other.Regardless of the quantity,quality and type of tourism resources,Iran tourism has great development value,and the domestic tourism development has begun to see the point-axis development pattern,but there are some problems such as tourist hot spots are too concentrated,poor transportation accessibility and so on.Then,we construct the basic elements of the construction of the Iran tourism space structure,and propose the method of combining the quantity and quality methods to define "point" and "axis".In the selection of tourism nodes,I use factor analysis and tourism resources abundance model two methods,first to collect the Iran easy access data,to build the regional center index system of 30 province.Using SPSS(23.0)to factor analysis the data to establish the relevant function,and gets each provinces' center index.And then use the tourism resource abundance model to calculate the abundance index of tourism resources of 30 capital cities in Iran,and to sum up the results of the two,to determine the three levels of tourism development node.And according to the selection of travel nodes and the selection basis of important development axis,determine the three levels of tourism development axis.Finally,according to the selected tourism node and tourism development axis,combined with the principle of the division of tourist areas,proposed that Iran's tourism spatial structure is: one core(Tehran)five major tourist centers(Isfahan,Shiraz,Mashhad,Yazd,Damith),the three major tourism development axis(Mashhad-Tehran-Development axis,Tehran-Qomu-Ahwaz development axis,Tehran-Yazd-Kerman-Abbas port development axis),and six tourist areas(Tehran special tourist area,Caspian Sea eco-tourism area,northwest medical tourism area,the central cultural landscape tourist area,Persian Gulf ancient cultural tourism area,southeastern religious holy tourist area),that is “one core five centers,three major tourism development axis,six tourism areas”,to build a "point-line-zone" tourism space structure system for Iran.On this basis,the paper analyzes the integration of boutique tourism resources in various tourist areas in detail,puts forward the suggestions and measures for the development of the tourism industry in the region to promote the sustainable development of the Iran's tourism industry.And provides help for our further study to Iran,to achieve China and Iran's tourism cooperation and promote the Belt and Road strategy.