Sharing Rate In High-speed Passenger Transport Market And Pricing Of High-speed Railway Tickets

There are many different kinds of passenger transportation in China,including high-speed railway and civil aviation,which make up the high-speed passenger transport market with its high ticket prices and high speed.Since the beginning of the new century,the development of China's high-speed railway has achieved remarkable achievements.Since the Executive meeting of the State Counciladopted the plan for the medium and long term railway network and established the "four vertical four horizontal" passenger line network in 2004,China began to enter a period of mass construction of high-speed railway.Until 2017,the construction of China's high-speed railway has achieved great achievements.The high-speed railway mileage ranks first in the world,and the passenger turnover of high-speed rail accounts for most of the world,andthe proportion of high-speed rail transport in railway transportation is also increasing.High-speed rail travel has become one of the important choices for people to travel.In contrast,the rapid development of high-speed railway has directly caused a great impact on the civil aviation industry.With the further liberalization of airline ticket prices,the civil aviation industry puts price as the core means of competition with high-speed railway.In early 2016,the national development and reform commission issued a notice to give the fixed price of high-speed rail to ChinaRailway Corporation.In the case of high-speed rail losses a lot year after year,in order to deal with the civil aviation price war,promoting the healthy development of the high-speed rail industry,andmarketization reform in China,we need togive somereasonable suggestions on pricing model to the Railway Corporation.By comparing the current situation of high-speed railway pricing in China and abroad,it is pointed out that the main problem of high-speed railway pricing in China is that the model is single,without considering the competition and market demand.After the "separation of government and enterprise" in the railway system,the independent pricing of railway companies should be the target of maximization of enterprise profits.The profit of the enterprise is affected by the change of passenger flow.After adjusting the ticket price,the change of passenger flow is divided into two parts:the induced passenger flow and the transfer of passenger flow.Both of these changes in passenger flow are related to changes in the characteristics of high-speed rail service.Through the model of gravity model and logit sharing rate,the rate of change of passenger flow can be obtained.The gravity model is associated with travel expenses in general,which combines ticket prices with passenger travel options.The market of high-speed railway and civil aviation is defined as high-speed passenger transport market due to their similar service characteristics.It is the logit sharing rate model that describes the distribution of different traffic method in this market,thus the situation of the competitor is considered during price decision.In this way,you can construct a corporate profit function on ticket prices and add to the market and competitors.The pricing model ofthe railwaycorporation should maximize its profit function.Based on the case study of high railway fares from Beijing to Changsha,the optimal ticket price of this section is higher than the current fare,and the passenger flow rate of the optimal ticket price will be lower than the current passenger flow.The price adjustment of high-speed railway is bound to cause dissatisfaction among social public opinion.Therefore,three Suggestions are listed in this paper.To improve the hearing system of price decision-making;Starting from developed areas,the price adjustment will be promoted.High-speed railway is still a new industry in China,and the reform of high-speed railway is still a long way.The reform of ticket price is an important step in the market.The improvement of the operation of high-speed railway is conducive to the healthy development of the high-speed railway industry and the absorption of private capital in the construction of high-speed railway.The model in this paper has some reference significance,but there are many shortcomings,which need to be explored and perfected in practice.