The International Experience Of Delayed Retirement In OECD Countries And Its Enlightenment To China

With white aging wave swept the world,Europe is the earliest aging population and the most serious areas;so the European countries in the promotion of pension system,retirement system reform in the forefront of the world.The growing aging problem exacerbates the double impact of retirement age and pension finances,the economic downturn,and the high unemployment rate to make OECD countries face greater challenges.Economic,globalization,the new risk of forced welfare countries to adjust the pension structure,so extend the retirement age,delay the retirement of the international community to become the development trend.Since the 1990s,most countries are under pressure from aging and fiscal spending,from the retirement age to reform the retirement system to alleviate the national pension dilemma.Sweden is a "welfare state window",the typical representative of the welfare-based pension system.Sweden's delayed retirement system reform mainly from the adjustment of retirement age,the establishment of flexible retirement mechanism,pension reform,and actively promote middle-aged employment and other aspects.Germany is a characteristic conservatism welfare state and a pioneer in the modern sense of the old-age insurance system,Germany 's delayed retirement system reform includes delayed retirement age,the introduction of flexible retirement mechanism,the introduction of measures to promote the employment of elderly labor and other aspects.The typical liberal welfare state in the United States is a model of the fund's old-age insurance system.The reform of the delayed retirement system in the United States is mainly from the aspects of adjusting the retirement age,establishing a flexible retirement mechanism and actively encouraging middle-aged employment.Japan is the forerunner of the East Asian welfare system,Which is a forerunner of the old endowment insurance system and the "high welfare high employment" retirement model.Japan's reform of the delayed retirement system includes adjusting the retirement age,reforming the pension and actively promoting the employment of the elderly and so on.It can be seen that the delayed retirement reform of the OECD countries mainly include the adjustment of retirement age,the introduction of flexible retirement mechanism,the reform of the pension system,and actively promote the employment of the elderly.China had stepped into the aging society at end of the 20th century,the population aged 65 and above the proportion of 9.5%in 2015.China is still practicing male 60 years old,female 50(female cadre 55)years old retirement system.In the international mainstream trend to extend the retirement age,to delay the retirement age to solve the upcoming aging crisis has become the direction of retirement reformThere are some problems such as the low retirement age,the lack of flexibility in the retirement system,the difficult requirement of the legal retirement age to meet the needs of the labor market adjustment.Therefore,in the study of OECD countries advanced experience to delay the retirement and learn from the successful experience of OECD countries,I puts forward the reform ideas of China's delayed retirement system,insists on "plan ahead" to plan the reform of the retirement system,"step by step"to improve the retirement age,"prudent arrangements"to introduce flexible retirement mechanism,"Co-supporting"to build a positive labor market policy,and on this basis to the steady implement the delayed retirement policy.