The Impact Of The Villages' Homestead Control And Household Capital On "One Household,Multipic Homestead":Evidence From Hubei,Zhejiang And Shaanxi Provinces

The sprawl and inefficient use of rural homestead is a serious waste of the scarce land resources.The scale of homestead in rural China has expanded in two main forms,also represented as the two iconic phenomena:"One Household,Multiple homestead"(the quantitative expansion)and the area expansion of homestead.Currently,the phenomenon of "One Household,Multiple homestead" has become a common problem impairing the governance of rural homestead in China.It's showed by the survey that until 2011,this phenomenon existed in more than 13%of the farmer households in China.The previous studies and researches have made numeral empirical analysis on the expansion of rural settlement or homestead,based on a macro level and more focusing on factors such as the social-economic development,regional characteristics urbanization and so on.Although such researches can help us to grasp the whole drive and historical background of the expansion of homestead at a higher level,but it is difficult to provide powerful explanation:why(the quantity and area)expansion of rural homestead varied among different provinces,different villages and different households?This research,using a first-hand survey-data of rural land and houses from zhejiang,hubei and shaanxi provinces in year 2011,has tried to concentrate on the impact of the villages' homestead controls and the capital of the farmer household on farmer households' behaviors of "One Household,Multiple homestead”in rural China.This paper finally has reached the following conclusions:Firstly,under the nationally unified system of rural homestead,there has been great difference among the governance of "One Household,Multiple homestead" at village level.Secondly,the strategies of homestead-control from the villages,including limiting the building of accessory occupancy and recycling the homestead,can effectively reduce the farmer households' behavior of "One Household,Multiple homestead”.Moreover,the capital of farmer households,including the economic capital(income)and the political capital(become the village's cadre)has significant positive influence on a family's behavior of "One Household,Multiple homestead".Thirdly,the problem of "One Household,Multiple homestead" has close relationship with the timing of the initial homestead control from the governments,the market incentives brought by the location of villages,the resource endowment of the villages' cultivated land and the economic strength of village collectives.The timing of initial homestead policy intervention determines the cost of governments' policy implementation.The factor of location not only directly affects the farmer's behavior through the house rental income,also influence the village cadre's drive of policy enforcement.Village's land resources have important influence on the village's homestead management.Villages with lower village collective income tend to show stronger efforts of homestead control in land area control,illegal building demolition and excessive area fines.