The Present Situation And Countermeasures Of Urban Household Garbage Classification Management In China

With the sustained and rapid development of China’s social economy,the increasingly accelerated pace of urbanization,the steady improvement of people’s standard of living and consumption,as well as the raising quantity and types of goods,the amount of garbage is also growing day by day,which has brought about a series of urgent situations that cities are besieged by waste.This problem has become a social and environmental problem which troubles the development of cities,the ecological environment and the quality of people’s life.At present,the common methods of waste disposal in China are incineration,compost,and landfill.All these methods can not realize the comprehensive utilization of garbage resources,resulting in the pollution of environment and the waste of resources.The main method of treating waste in Wujiang,a district of Suzhou,is incineration,but actually the proportion that needs incineration is very small.Incineration can not solve the problem because the capacity of the garbage incinerator in Wujiang is limited and results in wasting resource.In order to deal with the situations that cities are besieged by waste,during the period of 1960s and 1970s,the developed countries such as Britain,Germany,the USA and Japan were making efforts in the research and exploration of garbage sorting,and good results were achieved in practice.In 2000,China carried out experiments on rubbish classification in Shanghai,Beijing and other big cities.However,the practice of rubbish classification is not good enough for the reasons such as the lacking laws and regulations,the unsound collection and transportation system and the weak awareness of people.Rubbish classification policy of Wujiang was implemented in 2011,but has not worked effectively till now,so that there is a huge gap compared with developed countries.The status of rubbish classification in Wujiang has neither really achieved the effect of waste recycling that we pursued,nor the concept of sustainable development.So the research on the status of rubbish classification and recycling and its countermeasures is significant in practice.This article has found that although Wujiang has explored in organizations and practice of rubbish classification,the problems still exist such as the low probability of sorting in source,the weak influence on community,unsound supporting measures,and the large amount of obstacles when the government is carrying forward by investigation on sorting precision on the main streets including Youche Road,Zhongshan Road and Yongkang Road.The main reasons lies in the low awareness of people,the lack of coordination of governmental organization,the low participation degree of enterprises,being short of market experience and the limitations of unilateral government operations.Based on the analysis of models of Hong Kong,Taiwan,Beijing,Japanese and German,combining the actual situation of urban construction,development and management,this article has put forward the following countermeasures.First of all,the residents’awareness of garbage classification should be increased so that the rate of source sorting can be improved.Secondly,the coordination and participation of non-governmental organizations should be enhanced.Thirdly,the government should stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises to get more market experience.Last but not least,the government,as the most important drive,should guide the right way to raise the level of garbage classification and recovery through multiple measures.