Design And Test Of Multi-channel Pneumatic Planer For Camellia Oleifera Shelling

Camellia oleifera is a high quality woody oil plant in China,which is widely cultivated in the south of China and has variety of use value.After concentrated harvesting,camellia seeds need to be removed as soon as possible,dried and stored for oil extraction.The structure of tea seed is fragile and easily broken.Up to now,the artificial shelling and cleaning method is still widely used which is inefficient and depends on sunny weather.With the rapid expansion of the camellia's planting,the problem that artificial shelling and sorting restricts its large-scale planting is becoming more and more prominent,which makes the demand for mechanized operation much more urgent.But until now,the research on shell breaking machine of camellia oleifera still stays in the laboratory stage,and there is still no sale of cracked shell machinery in the market.The breakage of the tea seeds can't be avoided during mechanized shelling process,To reduce the breakage rate of the seed,we need to start from the theory of shell breaking,and propose new breaking technology and equipment innovatively.In view of the existing problems,a planer was developed to break through the dependence on fruit maturity,to reduce seed breaking rate and increase the shelling rate.The physical characteristics of camellia oleifera were measured.According to the diameter distribution of fruit,it was divided into four series according to the diameter.The shell breaking force was measured respectively under the form of extrusion and cutting.As a result,the load needed for cutting the shell of camellia oleifera is about 1/3 of that under extrusion pressure.According to the overall requirements,a multi-channel planer for camellia oleifera was designed.In view of fruits' different size and shape,the pneumatic press paw is used as the shell breaking mechanism to break the shell one by one.Through designing the technological parameters of push paw and shell breaking channel parts,determining the relationship between the two,the shell of camellia oleifera is broken under the combined action of them,which principle of the breaking action is similar to that of planing process.With the three-dimensional motion model of the sheller established,the interference between the parts and the movement is preliminarily checked;the fruit's status under shell-breaking force is analyzed with the use of finite element analysis software;the design parameters of the hand is verified by simulating the motion process of the hand with the use of the dynamic analysis software;the prototype is assembled according to the final two-dimensional drawings.The shelling test of camellia oleifera was carried out.To verify the integrity of the pushing paw's shell breaking action,analyze possible problems and propose solutions,a high-speed camera is used to photograph the shell breaking process.What's more,the three axis mechanical sensor is used to verify the effectiveness of shell breaking force.The shell-breaking effect of camellia oleifera with different maturity are evaluated comprehensively with taking the seed-breaking rate and shelling rate as the main test index.A color sorter which is used for sorting the mixture of seed and shell is introduced.Through the research on the color sorter's working principle,work parameters is set to adapt to the sorting of the fruit and the sorting test is carried out.The feasibility and efficiency of color sorter are expounded with comparing the economic consumption of color sorter and artificial sorting.The results show that the shell breaker can process camellia fruit without drying and the shelling rate?99%,seed damage rate?2%,shell content in seed?2%.