Investigation On Prepackaged Foods For Aged And Analysis On The Effect Of YYB(Ying Yang Bao) Intervention On The Elderly

Objective:Prepackaged foods is an important supplement to meet the nutritional needs of the elderly population.However,there are few foods for the elderly on the market currently,especially for the foods that meet the nutritional needs for the elderly.Therefore,this study analyzed the current situation of prepackaged foods for the elderly in our country,and investigated the dietary nutrition status and existing problems of the elderly groups,developed YYB?Ying Yang Bao?,and intervened 110 elderly people with YYB.The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of YYB on the improvement of dietary nutrition for the elderly,and promote the development of the elderly nutrition food industry,providing a scientific basis for meeting the nutritional and health needs of the elderly.Methods:Using the cross-sectional survey method,the dietary nutrition intake and food intake of 151 elderly people in a rural area of Laixi City were analyzed by the24-hour dietary review method and Food Frequency Questionnaire?FFQ,Food Frequency Questionnaire?.219 cases of pre-packaged aged foods were collected,and their nutritional claims were analyzed.From December 2017 to January 2018,a random sample of 110 elderly people in Qingdao was selected as the research object.Randomized controlled trials were used to randomly divide subjects into two groups,the nutrition package intervention group and the placebo group,with 55 patients in each group.The YYB adds 9 kinds of micronutrients with bean-based carrier,and the placebo was equal energy and equal weight of soybean powder.During two-months'intervention period,the subjects maintained normal diet and lifestyle and they were followed up every two weeks.The changes of serum fat-soluble vitamins,whole blood glutathione reductase coefficient and plasma mineral levels were analyzed before and after YYB intervention,and the degree of acceptance of YYB in the elderly was observed.Results:219 prepackaged foods were collected and divided into milk powder?31.4%?,liquid beverages?12.3%?,cakes?39.5%?and sesame paste?16.4%?.Formulated milk powder to strengthen protein,calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin C,vitamin A,D,E as the main features.Liquid beverages are characterized by"low fat,skim,lactose free".Pastry and biscuit nutrition claims that“rich dietary fiber”and“coarse grain fiber”have higher fat content.The sesame paste and other products are prepared for consumption,which is easy to digest and absorb for the elderly.The 151 subjects in this survey averaged 71.87 years old.The average BMI of the elderly was 25.70kg/m²,the overweight elderly accounted for 50.33%,and the obesity accounted for 29.12%.40%of the elderly have less than 60%RNI?Recommended Nutrient Intake?,87%of the elderly have less than 60%SPL?Specific Proposed Level?,over 50%of the elderly with dietary retinol equivalent,vitamin B₁,vitamin B₂,vitamin C,potassium,calcium,magnesium,zinc and selenium intake of less than 60%RNI.The results of nutrition package intervention showed that the hemoglobin value of the intervention group was 158.06 g/L and the control group was 148.64 g/L.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant?P=0.027?;The red blood cell count of the intervention group was 5.15×10¹²/L,and the control group was4.82×10¹²/L.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant?P=0.006?;The serum retinol level in the intervention group was 3.01?mol/L,and the serum retinol level in the control group was 1.93?mol/L.The difference was statistically significant?P=0.045?;The erythrocyte glutathione reductase coefficient was1.03 in the intervention group and 1.13 in the control group.The difference was statistically significant?P=0.019?.After the intervention,70%of the elderly were very satisfied with the taste and supplement of YYB,more than 70%of the elderly believed that the price of 1 to 3 yuan per pack was acceptable.Conclusion:At present,Pre-packaged foods for the elderly are few and the species are relatively single.The milk powder,cakes and biscuits are mainly prepared;the types and contents of added nutrients are uneven,and the fat content of some products is too high.Although the elderly population in this survey had sufficient energy intake,the quality protein and micronutrients?vitamin A,B₁,B₂,C,potassium,calcium,magnesium,zinc and selenium?were seriously deficient.YYB is convenient to eat and highly accepted in the elderly population.2 months'intervention of YYB can improve hemoglobin levels and body vitamin levels in the elderly.As a prepackaged food suitable for the nutritional status of the elderly,YYB can be promoted and applied in the elderly food that in poor areas or inadequate intake of dietary nutrients.