Study On The Spatial Form Of Traditional Settlements In The Bailongjiang Basin Of Gannan

The traditional settlements in the Bailongjiang River Basin in Gannan have unique regional and cultural characteristics.At present,the research on the settlement of the area is mainly studied by the traditional Tibetan architecture.The study of the layout of the folk houses,streets,temples and public activities in the settlement,as well as the natural,historical and cultural reasons of the structure and layout are relatively few.On the basis of field investigation and consulting related research literature,the natural and humanistic background of Gannan Bailongjiang basin is combed,the general situation of the local traditional settlement space form is summarized,the influence of its natural and humanistic background on the settlement form is analyzed,the spatial layout and space form characteristics of the local traditional settlement are explored,and the inheritance and development of the traditional settlement form is put forward.First of all,according to the local historical materials,county records and other documents,combined with the basic data collected from the field visits,this paper summarizes the natural conditions including its geographical location,climate,hydrology,soil,biological resources and tourism resources,as well as the ethnic composition,historical background,religious belief,social order,language,literature and art,diet,clothing,age Festival,marriage and funeral,and so on.Environmental Science。 It is because of the special natural environment of the locality,influenced by many factors,that it forms unique natural and cultural background,and produces a settlement pattern with regional characteristics.Secondly,the location of the settlements is more restricted by the local terrain conditions.Generally,the location of the settlements is semi aggregated or dispersed.In order to facilitate the study,the settlement is roughly classified according to its comprehensive characteristics,natural geographical environment,cultural type and economic development degree,and a typical settlement is selected and summarized.On the basis of typical case analysis of settlement,this paper expounds the spatial components and layout structure of local traditional settlements,including the boundary,core,street space,public space,building space,etc.,and analyzes the layout characteristics of settlement from the aspects of residents’ activities,street space and compact layout.Third,on the basis of summarizing the natural and humanistic environment of the local settlement area,based on the layout of the settlement space,the characteristics of mountain nature and catchment settlement under the local natural and economic environment are summed up.The important influence of the local religious culture on the traditional settlement form is explored,including the location of the settlements under the natural worship,the settlement pattern of the settlements,the compact layout of the settlement,the clear spatial division,the definition of thespace field and the sacred space characteristics under the religious activities.This paper studies the spatial patterns of local traditional settlements under different historical periods and social systems,combs the change of regional culture and the evolution of settlement forms during the historical development of national changes and integration and political environment change,including the group layout of the family tribal organization system,the multi-ethnic group group layout formed by multi ethnic settlement,and the frequent war because of its prevention.Royal Fort style layout.Finally,the study summarizes the overall layout of the traditional settlement in the Bailongjiang River Basin,Gannan,and its spatial characteristics under the influence of natural conditions and regional culture.Taking the healthy development of local traditional settlements as the starting point and combining with the present situation of social and economic development,it is proposed to protect the local ecological environment,develop moderately,maintain the balance of economic development and ecology,continue the construction characteristics of traditional settlements and buildings,and adapt to the living standard of modern people in the form and scale,and inherit the inheritance and development strategy of the settlement culture of the region.