Rural Public Open Space Evaluation Index System Based On Healthy Aging In Cold Region

At present,the aging problem is very conspicuous in China,of which rural aging is more obvious.For the country in cold region,north China,the population outflow is increasing on account of the cold weather,backward economic development and hysteretic planning and construction and so on,which leading the elderly dominate in population structure,therefore,the aging problem is most serious in these countries.The "healthy aging" development strategy was put forward by Word Health Origanization in 1990,which means comprehensively promote the old peoples' physical health,mental health and social health.However,studies on healthy aging are still scanty here.Rural public open space(POS)is the main place for the elderly to carry out production activity,sports,leisure entertainment,and social interaction.Hence,the improvement of rural POS will promote the health of the elderly.This study constructed a rural POS evaluation system based on the basic attributes of POS,and combined the special characters of the country in cold region and the development demands of healthy aging.Then,applied this evaluation system on two countries to verify its practicality,and provided improvement suggestions for them,respectively.The environmental healthFirst of all,based on the review of relevant literatures,through the analysis of the environmental impact on health,we preliminarily selected some environmental indexes which could promote the health of the elderly in rural POS,and described them in detail.Secondly,screened and amended these indexes by the Fuzzy Delphi method to enhance the validity of the indexes.Thirdly,the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was adopt to calculate the weight of each index,then we got a clear vision of the relative importance of indexes.After that,the final index system was established.Finally,the index system was practically applied in two countries by the m VIKOR method,then we gave some advices for the POS improvement based on the performance of the indexes.This study build a rural POS evaluation index system based on healthy aging,which comprised of three criterion levels: the POS environmental elements which could promote the elderly to do outdoor activity,to contact with nature,to join social interaction,and which consisted of 13 indexes,including perfect accessibility facilities,ample plants landscape,and comfortable seats,etc.After the calculation of the weight,the second criterion layer has the maximum weight,followed by the first and third one.In the empirical analysis,the two countries both should initiatively improve waterscape and plant landscape.This study will provide theoretical basis for the intensive study of rural POS evaluation,and an objective reference value for POS improvement to promote healthy aging in countries of cold region.