Design And Research Of Urban Skyline Based On GIS

Urban skyline is the accumulation and precipitation of urban history and culture,the concentrated reflection of urban landscape,and the most direct display of urban image.The beautiful city skyline always gives people a pleasant psychological feeling.It is a kind of city memory,an indelible mark of material culture and spiritual culture that the city characteristics have left on people's mind,and reflects the unique character and appearance of the city.However,with the rapid development of economic globalization and urbanization,urban space becomes disordered due to the shortage of land resources.Traditional planning also shows its disadvantages in spatial planning,and skyline also becomes disordered.According to different classifications,urban skyline has different classification standards,and at the same time reflects the economic,ecological and cultural functions of the city.From the perspective of the evolution history of Chinese and western skylines,the formation and development of skylines are all related to the nature,historical factors,policies and regulations of cities.Different historical and cultural periods have formed different cityscape.Through studying and summarizing the literature of domestic and abroad,this paper concludes the subject and object factors that influence the urban skyline.Based on visual theory,graph base theory and high-rise building theory,excellent cases at home and abroad were analyzed from macro,medium and micro perspectives,and the main factors affecting the skyline were classified.The factors at macro level were less controllable,while those at medium and micro levels were more controllable.At present,there is no unified evaluation standard for the urban skyline.Based on Arthur Stamps aesthetic theory and combined with the main influencing factors of the skyline,the main feelings are summarized as follows:natural harmony,contour rhythm,landscape level and architectural relief.Through index extraction and expert scoring,5 quantitative indicators and 3 qualitative indicators were finally determined.Combined with ArcToolbox analysis tool in GIS,factor characteristic values of typical urban skyline were summarized,and the optimal index range was jointly determined.The studied evaluation criteria and the mianyang skyline were compared and analyzed.Big data is a new synonym of the 21^st century,and GIS technology is an important carrier to express data.GIS was used to establish a 3d model of the downtown skyline of mianyang city,and ArcGIS10.2 and 3Danalyst models were usedBlock,TIN was used to construct the main urban area and surrounding ground surface,and the building height value was calculated according to the height of three times the number of layers attribute,to construct the three-dimensional model of both sides of fujiang river in mianyang city.Then,according to the principle of site viewpoint selection,five real viewpoints on both sides of fuljiang river were selected to simulate the skyline on both sides of fuljiang river under the real viewpoint.Through the comparison of the typical city skyline,we find the problems of the current skyline.Finally,the skyline contour from the perspective of five observation points was analyzed from the macro,medium and micro perspectives,and the quantitative and qualitative indicators of each segment of the skyline were designed and improved.Quantitative indicators were studied based on GIS,and the indicators before and after the design were compared.Qualitative indicators are mainly converted into polyhedral elements through the 3D Analyist Tools in GIS,and the 3D browsing Tools are used to analyze the environment through roaming in the scene,so as to put forward Suggestions for modification.On the premise of respecting nature,the design aims to integrate nature and urban construction,highlight the richness of landscape levels and the prominence of major buildings,and combine the unity of urban culture,modernity and tradition to shape a distinctive urban skyline.