Study On The Design Of External Environment Of The Community Suitable For Old Age In Cold Region Based On The People Environment Fit Theory

In the late 20 th century,in order to ease the rapid increase of China’s population,China carries out family planning,which directly leads to the decline of birth rate.At the same time,the improvement of medical and health standards has reduced the death rate of the population,making the problem of population aging worse.The number of people over 60 in China is expected to reach 248 million by 2020,accounting for 17.5 percent of the total.The country’s economic growth accelerates the urbanization process,and the increasing number of elderly people intensifies the aging process of urban communities,which have to approach the "elderly community".In recent years,people’s living standards have improved,and the original environment outside the community has not been able to meet the needs of the elderly.Due to the limitation of the elderly’s behavioral ability,they can only participate in various social activities in the nearby community.The elderly are the main part of the community environmental services,so we must carry out the design research of aging-suitable environment outside the community,in order to improve the comfort level of the elderly.At the same time,in cold areas,the elderly’s daily outdoor activities in winter are relatively reduced,which has a negative impact on their mental and physical health.In addition to identifying the elderly from the material level to the spiritual level,the design standards should be raised for the environment outside the community,so as to better meet the living needs of the elderly.It is the main trend of the future development of China’s community and the necessary measure to build a harmonious society.In view of the above problems,this study focuses on the proposal of the design strategy for the elderly fitness of the environment outside the community in cold region based on the theory of people-environment fit.Firstly,this paperclarifies the main research direction and related concepts,and analyzes the people-environment fit theory.Secondly,the basic characteristics of the aged are analyzed from three aspects of physiology,psychology and behavior,and the study of the particularity of cold outside the community environment,based on the above analysis,the cold to life in the elderly in the community,neighborhood relationships and community environment field investigation,through the form of questionnaire and interview to understand cold outside the community environment described the problems existing in the design and thinking,has been clear about the cold outside the community environment comfortable described design institute in view of the problem.Finally,based on the theory of peopleenvironment fit for the design of cold outside the community environment comfortable senile principle,based on the principle of the proposed,from three levels: macro,meso and micro cold outside the community environment optimum design strategy,in order to improve community living environment quality of the elderly,designed for optimum senile cold outside the community environment provides basis and guidance.