Research On Factors Affecting The Development Of HSR Station Area

In recent years,China's High-speed Rail(HSR)develops rapidly.By the end of 2018,the HSR mileage has been 29,000 kilometers,which accounting for more than 66%of the world's total mileage.More than 500 HSR stations were built.Through the field investigation of the stations along the Beijing-Shanghai HSR and the analysis of the development status of the station areas,it is found that the development level of the HSR station areas is different and the development level of some HSR station areas is too low.In order to explain the development difference of the HSR station areas and put forward suggestions for improving the development level,the research question is to explore the factors affecting the development of HSR station area.Firstly,through the analysis of traffic location theory and urban catalyst theory,combined with literature review,the author finds that there is spatial interaction between HSR station and city.The influencing factors of HSR station development level are summarized.Secondly,the station-city gravity model is constructed.The research scope of the gravity model is expanded from the inter-city interaction to the interaction between the city and the HSR station.Thirdly,the 18 indicators related to the factors such as city,HSR station,station distance and planning are counted.The factors are considered into the gravity model and the problem of correlation between indicators is solved by factor analysis.The limitation of the previous gravity model to consider only one single factor is improved.Finally,the gravitational values between the Beijing-Shanghai HSR station and the city are measured and the reliability of the gravity model is tested.The development plan of the HSR station areas are graded.The gravitational value,the planning score,the enterprise data of various industries and various layers of the HSR station area are used for empirical analysis.The research conclusions are as follows.(1)The core factor affecting the development of the HSR station area is the passenger flow.The important factors are the urban economy and population.The main factors are public transportation between station and city and the scale of the HSR station.They jointly affect the interaction between HSR station and the city.The different interactive relationship makes the development level of HSR station areas different.(2)Although the development plan of the HSR station area does not significantly affect the development of the entire station area,it guides the development of the station area by affecting the development of the first circle of the station area.(3)After the construction of the HSR,the high-end service industry of the HSR station area in a city with high development level develops significantly.The construction industry,real estate industry and manufacturing industry of the HSR station area in a city with low development level develop significantly.There is a space circle structure.Industries develope significantly in different layers.Therefore,this paper proposes:(1)The site selection of HSR stations should be different according to the urban population size,economic development level and spatial characteristic.(2)The station scale should be matched with the urban economy and population size.Station planning should reserve a certain expansion space to avoid waste of traffic resources.(3)Reasonable development planning can guide the orderly development of the station area to a certain extent.The planning of HSR station area should avoid high positioning.Industrial development plan should match the urban development level.The industrial layout should match the spatial circle structure of industrial development.