The Research On The Space Layout Optimization Of Rural Residential Areas In Zhengzhou City

The development of the countryside is an important part for Zhengzhou City's economic and social development,and its development will help narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and achieve urban-rural integration.However,with the development of social and economic and rapid urbanization of Zhengzhou City,the rural areas have faced the problem of emptying rural construction land and unreasonable layout of rural residential areas.Therefore,it is an important way to promote the rural development of Zhengzhou City and realize the rural revitalization by recognizing the current layout of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City and optimizing and adjusting the layout of rural residential areas.We study the layout of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou from the aspects of landscape pattern layout of rural residential areas,evaluation of rural residential point layout suitability,and rural residential point space layout optimization strategies.First of all,we sort out the domestic and foreign literature.It summarizes from four aspects:theoretical research progress,rural residential layout optimization research methods,influencing factors and optimization strategies.At present,there are theoretical foundations for considering the layout of rural settlements,mainly including rural settlement theory,new rural construction concept and rural reconstruction theory.Research methods have been relatively mature,mainly using the combination of mathematical models and GIS techniques,and the combination of theory and practical applications.Through literature analysis,we found that the main factors affecting the layout of rural residential areas are topographical terrain,natural factors such as the water system and social and economic factors such as transportation,technological progress and policies.The optimization strategy of rural residential layout is mainly grade/type optimization,function-oriented optimization,policy-oriented and farmer-led optimization.Secondly,we analyze the landscape pattern characteristics of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City.Based on the analytical methods of conventional Voronoi diagram,nuclear density estimation,landscape pattern index and distribution index,we analyze the spatial aggregation,scale and shape characteristics of rural residential areas.The effects of elevation,slope and aspect on the spatial layoutcharacteristics of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City are selected.We found:(1)the Cv value of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou and all cities,counties and districts is more than 64%.The spatial distribution pattern is aggregated,mainly affected by topography,transportation and other factors.(2)The high density areas of rural areas in Zhengzhou City are mainly distributed in Xinmi City,the eastern part of Gongyi City,the south of Xingyang City and the southwest of Xinzheng City in the central and southern regions.(3)There are four layout modes: Satellite layout,Strip layout,Group layout,and Free-distribution layout.(4)Zhengzhou's average patch shape index is 1.6553.The rural residential area is irregular in shape and the boundary shape is complex,which is not conducive to achieving the residents in the area.(5)The rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City are mostly distributed at lower slopes.The influence of topography and traffic on the distribution of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City is great,but the water source is small.Third,we evaluate the suitability of rural residential layout in Zhengzhou City.The current situation of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City,the type of land use,and the factors such as topography,socio-economic,and location conditions are used to evaluate the suitability of rural residential areas.Then we judge the appropriateness of the layout of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City.We use the minimum cumulative resistance value(MCR)to calculate the minimum cumulative resistance value.According to the adaptability of rural residential layout,Zhengzhou City is divided into highly suitable area(145672.85hm2),suitable area(208112.43hm2),and generally suitable area(148423.69hm2).5 suitable areas for the unsuitable area(100336.44hm2)and the extremely unsuitable area(154516.58hm2).Finally,we study the spatial layout optimization of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou City.By determining the optimization principle and optimization type of rural residential space layout,we propose the specific optimization type division strategy.We also use the method of weighted Voronoi diagram to determine the extent of rural residents' retreat.Moreover,we divide the residential areas into four categories: urbanization type,development type,control development type and migration and merge type.And finally we propose the spatial layout optimization plan for each type of rural residential area.