Study Of Spatial Formation Mechanism Of Commercial Form Of Typical Small Towns In The Middle Region In Gansu Province

With the steps of new urbanization and rural vitalization strategy,small towns,as “heads of countries and tails of the cities” greatly promote the urbanization rapid development of rural areas.As the leading and supporting role for the rural vitalization strategy,they need to lead its implementation and promote the integration of urban and rural areas.However,there are serious regional divisions among small towns.As a result of the harsh natural conditions,remote geographical location and the weak economic foundation,the small towns of the middle region in Gansu province in Northwestern China are in a relatively poor level,which severely restricts urban and rural development.It is very important to optimize the commercial space layout to increase the vitality and attractiveness of small towns.It is significant for urban and rural development and rural vitalization to recognize the impact mechanism of commercial industry and the spatial structure.Based on the existing research,this paper scientificly,allsidely and systematicly obtains relevant information through field exploration,questionnaire survey and Internet inquiry by taking Tuqiao Town,a typical small town of the middle region in Gansu province,as the research area.Using standard deviation ellipse in GIS spatial analysis,kernel density estimation,Ripley'K function and buffer analysis,the paper investigates the relations between the commercial spatial structure and related factors of Tuqiao Town,a typical small town of the middle region in Gansu province from three aspects: the structure characteristic,the business space pattern and the spatial structure.Main conclusions are as follows:(1)The commercial industry of small towns of the middle region in Gansu province is dominated by traditional business,which mainly provides daily necessities and services for residents.The service scope of agricultural format is in town and surrounding countryside,and the overall structure of the format is good.Small towns are the center and miniature of regional business and trade economy.The study on the commercial structure of Tuqiao Town finds that:(1)there are mainly wholesale and retail business,accommodation and cateringbusiness,life service industry and agricultural by-products industry,which have rich types of business;the business mode mainly meets the basic living needs of residents at the low level,and pays little attention to the commercial service needs at the spiritual level;(2)Wholesale and retail outlets account for 51.3%,accommodation and catering industry account for the least,but the two modes of business are moderate in size,life services and agricultural by-products are small in size;(3)After evaluating the business structure of Tuqiao Town,it is found that the formation of the business structure is mainly influenced by the development of the business mode itself and the economic environment factors,and the weak economic conditions of the areas have a dual impact on the industry.The weak requirement of the state structure and the special regional conditions determine the formation of the characteristics of the local small towns.(2)Based on the spatial analysis,it is found that the spatial distribution of commercial network of small towns in the middle region in Gansu province presents the situation of centralized agglomeration and peripheral decentralization.Each industry network is affected by traffic routes and regional economic center factors,including traffic-oriented mode,central-oriented mode and traffic-center-oriented mode.In order to take the residents both inside and outside the town into account,the formats closely related to daily life are widely distributed along the main roads or commercial centers,and the choice scope of characteristic formats is limited because of the specific requirements for a certain location factor.It can be seen from the analysis that the commercial network of Tuqiao Town mainly distributes at the intersection of "Big Cross" and "New Cross",and the distribution trend is consistent with the three main external roads of the town,which indicates that the commercial network of the middle region in Gansu province takes both basic economic activities at home and abroad into account when carrying out non-basic economic activities.Specifically,the wholesale and retail trade is dominated by single-storey and street-facing department stores,and the commercial outlets are mainly distributed in the earliest commercial districts in the town,with the "big cross" as the central radial layout;the accommodation and catering industry presents the L-shaped trend of "big dispersion,small agglomeration",with the "new cross" appearing in the vicinity of the town government;the life service industry takes the East Street as thecenter,and initially forms.The interconnected "horseshoe" pattern and the "isolated island" agglomeration center centered on Tuqiao Post Office have strong adaptability;agricultural by-products industry distributes in block structures along the South Street in the town.It gathers within 1.7km and disperses outside 1.7km.The location preference sensitivity of agricultural by-products industry is relatively strong.(3)The formation of commercial business space in typical small towns of the middle region in Gansu province is the result of multi-factor comprehensive driving.Policy-driven urban function positioning and urban planning guidance indicate the direction for commercial business space layout;economic driving traffic factors,land value factors,population distribution differences,and business location preferences determine the business format;socially driven traditional business patterns and social relevance provide a reference for the layout of the business.The interaction among various factors leads to the formation of the spatial pattern of commercial formats.