| Faced with the problems of the water resources shortage and the fragile ecosystem environment, it' s important to Chinese western region make the development of society and resources in rational ways under the strategy of western region great development". Therefore, how to moderate the relationships of the water resources and population, society and economy, how to handle the relationships of development and protection, is a key problem to western region.The Studying region includes Yuzhong, Weiyuan, Lintao, Dingxi, Longxi, and Huining six counties in the middle region of Gansu province, the total amount of water resources in the studying region is 214 million m~3, the total surface water resources is 148 million m3, the total groundwater is 29 million m~3. The water resources development degree in recent situation is up to 66.7%, though higher is, the social economic level is lower and the ecosystem environment is degenerated seriously. However the contradiction of the water supply and demand will more outstanding along with the society development. Therefore, it is necessary that to make a correct analysis and forecast of the future water resources in scientific ways in order to maintain the sustainable development of the studying region. What is the paper's purpose is just to explore a new way for the middle region of Gansu province to develop it' s economy, society, ecosystem harmoniously through the studying of the water resources carrying capacity.1. Taking economy, society, ecosystem as a comprehensive objective, the paper analyzed the present wrcc with the multi-objective model. It concluded that under the development objective of three different projects, the region only could support 599.7, 536.6, 461.5 thousands people to live while each project meet the development objective of economy, society and ecosystem. So the present people that about 135.11 ten thousands is overloaded.2. According to the objective of development of the studying region, made a forecast of the water demand that meet the sustainable development under the different project scenario. It stated that under the best sustainable development project, while in 2020, the people'snumbers of the studying region will arrive at 1.5136 million. The people's average incomes will be 9471.0-yuan RMB. The individual possession of the food will be 400kg. The rate of the demand for water of ecosystem is 25%. And the total amount of the demand for water will be 311 million m3 in 2010, 392 m3 million. Each year the total amount of the shortage of demand for water will be 97 million m3 in 2010,178 million m3 in 2020.3. According to the result of studying, put forward the rational suggestion aimed at the shortage problem of the water resources in the studying region. The suggestion is that:what's a ultimate measure for the sustainable development in this region is to complete the water diversion project from other catchments or area.
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